Ó siq-nfm Ó
(iksLq dUjI)

jgqfr isMG jfck, afnryrI ieMtrnYÈnl iswK imÈnrI

‘ÃÄ gurprsfid` qk df ieh mhFvfk BfvyN, iewk nfm-rUp rqnmflf dy qOr qy guMidaf hox krky ies ivcly sfry Èbd iek dUsry nfl sbMDq hn aqy iksy vI iewk dy arQ-Bfv pRgtAux leI iehnF ƒ inKyV ky nhI dyiKaf jf skdf. pRMqU, ‘ÃÄ ` aqy ‘nfmu` pd dy ivckfrlf Èbd ‘siq` qF ieAuN itkfieaf hoieaf hY, ijvyN, iksy Gr dyy drvfËy dI dihlIË qy dIvf riKaf hovy.

ijvyN, dihlIË AuWqy rwKy dIvy df cfnx Gr dy aMdr vI pYNdf hY aqy bfhr vI. iqvyN hI, ‘siq` Èbd, jo afpxy afp ivc iewk suqMqr nfm-rUp sMigak ivÈyÈx hY, afpxy pRkfÈ duafrf ijQy pihlF ‘ÃÄ ` dI sdIvI hoNd ƒ pRgt krdf hY. AuQy ieh, ‘nfmu` pd ƒ pRkfÈmfn krky ‘nfmu` dI hoNd vI sQfpq krdf hY. ikAuNik, ieh iewk aYsf ivÈyÈx hY, ijhVf iksy vI sMigaf dy awgy juVy jF ipwCy, Aus ƒ siQrqf bKÈdf hY. ijvyN, siq-gurU, siq-srUp, siq-purKu afid.

hyT ilKy gurvfk ivc ‘siq` Èbd dI vrqoN ies hkIkq ƒ hor vI AuGVvyN rUp ivc pRgt krdI hY. kro drÈn !

crn siq, siq prsnhfr .. pUjf siq, siq syvdfr ..

drsnu siq, siq pyKnhfr .. nfmu siq, siq iDafvnhfr ..

‘siq` Èbd sMsikRq dI sMigaf ‘sqÎ` qoN bixaf hY. aMqr kyvl ieqnf hY ik gurbfxI ivc awDy ‘Î` dI QF ishfrI dI vrqoN kIqI hY. ies df muZlf arQ hY-‘hoNd`(Existence) aQvf aslIaq (Actuality). ies df smfnQk qy pMjfbI rUp hY ‘scu`.

ÈRI ‘gurU gRMQ` sfihb jI mhfrfj ivwc ijQy ieh Èbd prmfqmf leI vriqaf jFdf hY, AuQy ies df arQ-Bfv huMdf hY, Auh prmfqmf jo asl ivc hY. jo sdIvI hoNd rKdf hY. jo sdf iQr kfiem rihx vflf hY. BfrqI-drÈn ivc ‘siq` Èbd dI vrqoN qF BfvyN ‘irg` vyd dy smyN qoN hI mMnI jf skdI hY aqy Auprokq arQF ivc AupinÈd kfl qoN ies dI vrqoN hoeI imldI hY, pRMqU, ies Èbd ƒ sB qoN vDyry mhwqv kyvl ÈRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI mhfrfj ivKy hI imilaf mMinaF jf skdf hY.

ikAuNik, gurbfxI ivc ies Èbd ƒ kyvl sdf iQr rihx vfly prmfqmf dy-arQF ivc vriqaf hI nhI igaf, sgoN, ies dI ivsQfr pUrvk qy Ëordfr ivafiKaf vI kIqI geI hY. isRÈtI dy mUl-sRoq inrMkfr dy siq-srUp ƒ aDfr bxf ky, ijQy, Aus qoN Auqpq hoeI isRÈtI dI XQfrQkqf ƒ pRkfÈmfn kIqf igaf hY qF ik mnuwK ijMdgI qoN inrfÈ ho ky BgOVf nfh hovy. AuQy, ieh Èbd iensfnI afcfr ivhfr nfl vDyry sbMDq kr idwqf igaf hY qF ik mnuwK ƒ afcrxk qOr qy ‘sicafr` bxfieaf jf sky.

hor ivÈyÈqf ieh hY ik gurbfxI ivc prmfqmf ƒ isRÈtI df mUl qy srb ivafpk ÈkqI mMnidaF, BfvyN, gurU kfl qk dy Drm gRMQF ivc prmfqmf leI vrqy gey lgBg sfry klipq nfvF dI vrqoN kr leI geI hY, pRMqU, iPr vI ieh mMinaF igaf hY ik iehnF ivcoN ‘siq` Èbd prmfqmf df sB qoN muwZlf nfm hY. ijvyN, ÈRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI mhfrfj ivKy ‘mfrU mhlf õ` dy isrlyK hyT gurdyv jI ny iewkI pidaF dy lMmyry aÈtpdI srUp iewky hI Èbd ivc prmfqmf ƒ lgBg awsI (øú) vK-vK nfvF nfl sMboDn kIqf hY.

Èbd dI arMBk pMkqI hY- acuq, pfrbRhm, prmysur, aMqrjfmI .. mDusUdn, dfmodr, suafmI .. irKIkys, govrDn DfrI, murlI mnohr, hir rMgf..{gu[gRM[pM[ñúøò} pr, ies Èbd dy aÉIr ivc siqgurU jI afKdy hn ‘ikrqm nfm kQy qyry ijhbf .. siq nfmu qyrf prf pUrblf` ..{gu[gRM[pM[ñúøó} Bfv, hy pRBU ! sfzI jIvF dI jIB qyry Auh nfm AucfrdI hY, jo nfm qyrI kudrq ivcoN pRgt huMdy qyry krqv aqy gux vyK vyK ky jIvF ny klipq kIqy hoey hn, bxfey hoey hn. pr, iehnF ivcoN ‘siq` nfm, qyrf muwZ-kdImF df nfm hY.

siqgurF dy smkflI aqy gurbfxI dy muZly ivafiKafkfr BfeI gurdfs jI ny vI ies hkIkq dI gvfhI BrI hY. AuhnF ny ‘ÈyÈnfg` vloN afpxIaF hËfr jIBF nfl hr idn hrI dy nvyN nfm lY ky ismrn krn dI purfxk kQf dy hvfly duafrf pRBU-nfvF dI ibaMqqf df vrnx kridaF iliKaf hY ik pRBU dy ibaMq nfvF ivcoN ‘swc` nfAuN gurmuK gurisKF ƒ cMgf lgf hY, ikAuNik, AuhnF dy prmyÈr rUp gurU ƒ sB qoN vDyry Bfieaf hY.

gur prmyÈr jfxIaY swcy swcf nfAu DrfXf.

ÈyÈnfg ismrn kry nfvF aMq ibaMq n pfXf.

gurmuK swc nfAuN mn BfXf. (vfr òö-ò)

prf-pUrblf Èbd df arQ huMdf hY; pUrv-kfl qoN vI prHF df, Bfv, kfl (jugF afidk dy smyN) dI arMBqf qoN vI pihlF df.Aus kfl leI ‘jpu` jI dy muZly Èlok dI rOÈnI ivc kyvl ‘afid-kfl` Èbd hI vriqaf jf skdf hY, ijsdf smfnrQk pMjfbI Èbd hY; ‘muwZlf-kfl`. aRQfq; Auh kfl, jdoN ik ajy iksy vI pRkfr dI kudrqI rcnf nhI sI hoeI, sB pfsy suMn hI suMn sI. pr, kudrq df muZlf-inrMkfrI ÈoqR aQvf muZlI-inrMkfrI ÈkqI afpxy afp ivc kfiem sI. ijs ƒ kudrq dI rcnf hox AuprMq mnuKI-jIvF ny anuBv kridaF rcnf ivcoN pRgt huMdy guxF qy aDfrq anykF hI nfm idqy. ijnHF ƒ prmfqmf dy ikrqm-nfm ikhf jFdf hY.

‘siq` nfm vI ienHF ikrqm-nfvF ivcoN iewk hY. ikAuNik, iehnF sfry nfvF dI aKrI bnfvt mnuwKI klpnf ivcoN bxI hY. ikrqm Èbd df ‘mhfn koÈ` ivc arQ hY; ‘bnfvtI`, aQvf ‘klipq`. pRMqU, hux ivcfrn dI loV hY ik Auh ikhVIaF ivÈys ÉUbIaF hn, ijnHF krky gurdyv jI ny ‘siq` nfm ƒ ivÈyÈqf idMidaF ies ƒ ‘prf-pUrblf` nfm mMinaF hY. Auh ikhVy muwK kfrn hn, ijnHF krky ieh siqgurU jI ƒ aqy AunHF dy gurmuK gurisKF ƒ vDyry cMgf lgf hY.

gurbfxI dI rOÈnI ivc jdoN ies pwKoN ivcfrdy hF qF ijhVy kuJ muwK kfrn AuBr ky sfhmxy afAuNdy hn, AuhnF ƒ kuJ ieAuN klmbMd kIqf jf skdf hY. ikAuNik, hor sfry ikrqm-nfm kyvl qy kyvl kudrqI-hoNd dI sQfpqI nfl sbMDq hn, ijhVy krqfr ƒ kudrq ivcoN pRgt huMdy guxF qy aDfrq kuJ-ku ‘jugfid scu` aqy vDyry ‘hY BI` scu` qF drsfa skdy hn, pRMqU, AuhnF ivc krqfr ƒ ‘afid scu` aqy ‘hosI BI scu` drsfx dI smrQf nhI hY.

rwbI-hoNd dI sdIvI atwlqf ƒ pRgtfx ihwq aKrI nfvF ivcoN kyvl ‘siq` nfm hI sB qoN vDyry jog aqy ZukvF jfpdf hY, ijhVf afpxI buwkl ivwc lgBg sfry rwbI-guxF ƒ bIj rUp ivc CupfeI bYTf hY. ijhVf kfl dIaF sImfvF qoN pry jf ky, rwbI-hoNd dI suMn smfDI vflI Aus muwZlI avsQf ƒ vI afpxI lpyt ivc lYx dI kuJ smrQf rKdf hY, jdoN ik ajy kfidr-krqy ƒ kudrq dI rcnf krn df koeI Purnf vI nhI sI Puiraf. ijhVI avsQf ƒ gurbfxI ivc ieAuN pRgt kIqf igaf hY :-

arbd nrbd DuMDUkfrf .. Drix n ggnf hukmu apfrf ..

nf idnu rYin n cMdu n sUrju, suMn smfiD lgfiedf ..ñ..

KfxI n bfxI pAux n pfxI .. Epiq Kpiq n afvx jfxI ..

KMz pqfl spq nhI sfgr, ndI n nIru vhfiedf ..ò.. {gu[gRM[pM[ñúóõ}

pd-arQ : arbd- ds arb ( sfl ) .nrbd-n+arbd, ijs vfsqy lÌË ‘arbd` vI nfh vriqaf jf sky, igxqI qoN pry. DuMdUkfrf-Gup hnyrf. suMn-suMJ

quk-arQ : (jgq dI rcnf qoN pihlF byaMq smf ijs dI igxqI dy vfsqy) arbd nrbd (lÌË vI nhI vrqy jf skdy, aYsI) Guwp hnyry dI hflq sI . Bfv, ajyhI hflq, ijs dI bfbq kuJ vI nhI disaf jf skdf . qdoN nFh DrqI sI, nFh akfÈ sI aqy nFh hI ikqy byaMq pRBU df hukm cl irhf sI. qdoN nFh idn sI nFh rfq, nFh cMd sI nFh sUrj. qdoN qF kyvl iewk pRmfqmf hI afpxy afp ivc mfno aYsI smfDI lfeI bYTf sI, ijs ivc koeI iksy iksm df Purnf nhIN sI.ñ.

dUjf kfrx ieh hY ik gurdyv jI df muwK mnorQ mnuwK dy aMdrlI ‘kUV` dI dIvfr ƒ qoV ky Aus ƒ swcy-suwcy acfr vflI aijhI ‘sicafr` sKÈIaq dy rUp ivc dyKxf sI, ijs dI krxI duafrf rwbI-guxF df pRkfÈ ho sky. gurbfxI dI gihrI sUJ rKx vfly lgBg sfry ivdvfnF df mq hY ik ies krky hI gurdyv jI ny ‘jpu`jI dI pihlI pAuVI ivwc sB qoN pihlF ‘ikv sicafrf hoeIaY, ikv kUVY qutY pfil` ? dI smisaf rUp suafl KVHf kIqf aqy iPr ies dy smfDfn vjoN ‘hukim rjfeI clxf, nfnk iliKaf nfil` dI pMkqI ilK ky Auqr vI nfl hI ilK idwqf. ‘ÈRI gurU gMQ sfihb drpx` muqfibk ies pRÈnoqrI ƒ ieAuN arQfieaf jf skdf hY :

pRÈn :-akfl purK df pRkfÈ hox leI Xog ikvyN bx skIdf hY (aqy sfzy aMdrlf) kUV df prdf ikvyN tuwt skdf hY ?

Auqr :- rËf dy mflk akfl-purK dy hukm ivc qurnf-(iehI iewk ivDI hY) hy nfnk ! (ieh ivDI) Dur qoN hI jd qoN jgq bixaf hY, ilKI clI af rhI hY.

spÈt hY ik ‘sicafr` jIvn akfl-purK nfl iewk-surqf df jIvn hY aqy ies avsQf ivKy ivcridaF mnuwKI acfr-ivhfr ivcoN jo rwbI-guxF df pRgtfa hox lgdf hY, asl ivc EhI akfl-purK df pRkfÈ hY. ies pRkfr dy rwbI-guxF ivcoN sB qoN muwZlf qy muwK gux ‘siq` aQvf ‘swc` ƒ hI mMinaF igaf hY, ijhVf ivvhfrk jIvn df iewk aYsf dfrU hY, jo mnuKI iËMdgI ivcoN pfpF ƒ Do ky kwZ idMdf hY. ‘scu sBnf hoie dfrU pfp kZY Doie` {gu[gRM[pM[ôöø} gurvfk vI hY.‘ guruÈbd rqnfkr` ivc vI gurbfxI qy aDfrq ‘sicafr` purÈ ‘sqÎ` dy Dfrn krn vfly aQvf ‘swc` dy vpfrI bx ky swc sMcx vfly ƒ afiKaf igaf hY. gurvfk hY :

sicafrI scu sMicaf sfcAu nfmu amolu ..

hir inrmfielu AUjlo piq sfcI scu bolu .. {gu[gRM[pM[ùó÷}

arQ :- swcy vpfrIaF ny sdf iQr rihx vflf nfm-Dn iekwTf kIqf hY, swcf amolk nfm ivafiJaf hY.

Aujl qy pivqr pRBU (df nfm Kwitaf hY), AuhnF ƒ swcI iewËq imldI hY, pRBU df swcf (imwTf afdr vflf) bol imldf hY.

su, ‘siq` nfm gurdyv jI dy Auprokq mnorQ dI pUrqI leI vI sB qoN vDyry sPl qy shfiek iswD huMdf hY. ikAuNik, ies Èbd qoN mnuwK ƒ, ijQy, nfm dI scfeI df boD huMdf hY, AuQy, afcrxk qOr qy swcy-suwcy hox dI vI iswDI pRyrnf imldI hY. Aus ƒ soJI ho jFdI hY ik iksy vI hsqI df nfm qdoN hI ‘siq`,‘swc` aQvf swcf mMinaf jf skdf hY, jy kr Aus nfm nfl juVy hoey gux, Aus hsqI dy suBfa aqy vrqfry ivcoN pRgt huMdy hox.

ies pRkfr dI syD sdkf mnuK afpxy dyÈ, kOm, bolI aqy ielfky dy pRBfv hyT mfipaF vloN srIrk pihcfx leI pRfpq hoey iksy aKrI ‘nfm` jF duinafvI Dn-pdfrQ aqy pd-pdvIaF dy shfry kfiem hoey afpxy ‘nfAuN` aQvf ‘nfmxy` (vizafeI) ƒ mhwqv nhI idMdf. sgoN, Auh afpxI pihcfx aQvf nfmxy df aDfr AuhnF dYvI guxF ƒ smJx lgdf hY, ijhVy gurU igafn dI bdOlq jIvn dy mUl pRBU nfl juVy rihx sdkf hI mnuKI sÉÈIaq aMdr pYdf huMdy hn.

Èfied iehI kfrx hY ik ÈRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI mhfrfj dy ies mMglmeI ÈRI muKvfk ‘ÃÄ qoN gur pRsfid` dy muwZ ivc isRÈtI dy mUl inrMkfr dI iekfeI ƒ pRgtFdf sMkyqk pd ‘ÃÄ ` ilK ky, jy koeI pRBU df BfÈfeI nfm iliKaf hY qF Auh hY ‘siq` aqy iPr muZlI bfxI ‘jpu`jI dy muwZ ivc jo slok ‘ afid scu jugfid scu……` aMkq kIqf igaf hY, Auh vI inrMkfr dy ies muwZ-kdImI nfm ‘siq` df hI srboqm ivafiKafqmk srUp hY.

so, ies pRkfr dI Auprokq ivcfr qoN ijQy ieh qwQ spÈt rUp ivc inÈcy huMdf hY ik gurbfxI ivc ‘siq` aqy ‘scu` dono Èbd pRBU leI vrqy gey sMigak-ivÈyÈxF dy rUp ivc smfnrQk hn. AuQy, ieh hkIkq vI pRgt ho jFdI hY ik gurU nfnk-idRÈtI ivc akfl purK dI sdIvI-hoNd ƒ pRgtfAux leI iehnF qoN vDyry ZukvF qy BfvpUrq Èbd hor koeI nhI hY.

‘jpu` jI dy arMBk slok df sMpUrn ilKqI srUp aqy arQ ies pRkfr hn:

afid scu, jugfid scu .. hY BI scu, nfnk, hosI BI scu ..ñ.. (gu[gRM[pM[ ñ)

arQ :- (akflpurK prmfqmf) muwZ qoN hoNd vflf hY, jugF dy muwZ qoN mOjUd hY. ies

vyly BI mOjUd hY aqy agFh ƒ BI iesy qrHF hoNd vflf rhygf.

‘nfmu` Èbd ivafkrxk idRÈtIkon qoN iewk aYsI sMigaf mMnI jFdI hY, ijhVI iksy idsdI axidsdI hsqI aQvf vsqU bfry sfƒ jfxkfrI hfsl krvFdI hY. ‘gurÈbd rqnfkr` ivc ‘nfm` ( Name ) dI pRIBfÈf kridaF ieAuN iliKaf igaf hY :

nfm[ sMgÎf – nfAuN ; iksy vsqU df boD krfAux vflf Èbd. ijs krky arQ jfixaF jfvy, so nfm hY. nfm dy muK Byd do hn- iewk vsqU-vfck, jYsy mnuK, bYl, phfV afid. dUjf Bfv-vfck, jYsy - suMdrqf, sugMDI, kTorqf aqy Brwpx afidk.

‘ÈRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI` mhfrfj ivKy ‘nfm` Èbd vKry vKry idRÈtIkon qoN vwK vwK arQF ivc vriqaf igaf hY. ies dy smfnrQk aqy ivafkrxk idRstIkon qoN keI srUp imldy hn. ijvyN; nfAu, nfAU, nfie, nfm, nfmu, nfim, nfmuo, nfmy, nfmY, nfmo, nfmM, nfmh, nfmih, nfmhu, nfmn, nfv, nfvAu, nfvey, nfvhu, nfvVf afidk .

ies ivc koeI Èwk nhI ik gurbfxI ivc ‘nfmu`, pd ‘siq` df iedMqf-boDk` ho ky vI afieaf hY, ijvyN ‘jip mn siq nfmu sdf siq nfmu` (pM[ööù), aQvf; ‘siq nfmu pRB kf suKdfeI` ..{gu[gRM[pM[òøô} pRMqU, ies muZly mhFvfk ivc ‘nfmu` Èbd, ‘siq` Èbd df sMigaf mfqR iedMqf-boDk nhI, sgoN ‘siq` Èbd dI qrHF afpxy afp ivc suqMqr arQ rKdf hoieaf iewk invyklf Èbd hY. ieh ‘ÃÄ ` dy sMkyqk pd vFg hI pRBU dy inrgux qy srgux dovF rUpF ƒ afpxy afp ivc CpoeI bYTf hY.

ikAuNik, gurbfxI ivc ‘nfmu` lÌË ƒ kfidr-krqy aQvf Aus dI aDfrBUq ivafpk swqf dy arQF ivc vI vriqaf igaf hY, ijs ƒ Aus df inrgux srUp mMinaF jFdf hY aqy kfidr-krqy dI ikrq leI vI vriqaf igaf hY, ijs ƒ Aus df nfmxf qy srgux srUp disaf jFdf hY. .ijvyN;

inrgux :- nfm ky Dfry sgly jMq .. nfm ky Dfry KMz bRhmMz ..

nfm ky Dfry isimRiq byd purfn .. nfm ky Dfry sunn igafn iDafn ..

nfm ky Dfry afgfs pfqfl .. nfm ky Dfry sgl afkfr ..

nfm ky Dfry purIaf sB Bvn .. nfm kY sMig AuDry suin sRvn ..

kir ikrpf ijsu afpnY nfim lfey..nfnk cAuQy pd mih so jnu giq pfey..{pM[òøô}

pd arQ : nfm-akflpurK. Dfry-itkfey, afsry.cAuQy pd mih-mfieaf dy iqMn guxF qoN lMG ky Auqly drjy ivc, mfieaf dy Asr qoN AuprlI hflq ivc.

arQ: sfry jIa jMq akflpurK dy afsry hn, jgq df sfry Bfg (ihwsy) BI pRBU dy itkfey hoey hn.

vyd purfx isimRqIaF pRBU dy aDfr qy hn, igafn dIaF gwlF suxnf qy suriq joVnI BI akflpurK dy afsry hI hY.

sfry akfÈ pqfl pRBU-afsry hn, sfry srIr hI pRBU dy aDfr qy hn.

iqMny Bvn qy cOdh lok akflpurK dy itkfey hoey hn, jIv pRBU ivc juV ky qy Aus df nfm kMnIN sux ky ivkfrF qoN bcdy hn.

ijs ƒ myhr krky afpxy nfm ivc joVdf hY, (Bfv, afpxI Xfd ivc lIn krdf hY) hy nfnk ! Auh mnuK (mfieaf dy asr qoN prly) cAuQy drjy ivc awpV ky AuWcI avsQf pRfpq krdf hY.

not:- Auprokq pdy dIaF pihlIaF awT pMkqIaF ivc ‘nfm` lÌË akflpurK aQvf Aus dI aDfrBUq swqf dy arQF ivc vriqaf igaf hY aqy nOvIN pMkqI ‘kir ikrpf ijsu afpnY nfim lfey` ivc akflpurK dy sMigak- aKrI nfm leI.

srgux:-(A) afpInÙY afpu sfijE afpInÙY ricE nfAu ..

duXI kudriq sfjIaY kir afsxu izTo cfAu .. {gu[gRM[pM[ôöó}

pd arQ :- afpInÙY – afp hI nY, (akflpurK) ny afp hI. nfmu- nfmxf, vizafeI. duXI- dUeI, dUjI. cfAu- anMd dI lihr, KuÈI Bry AuqÈfh nfl.

arQ: akflpurK ny afp hI afpxy afp ƒ sfijaf aqy afp hI afpxf (kudrq rUp) nfmxf ricaf. (iewk akflpurK ny afpxy afp qoN ijhVI ieh nfmxf rUp) dUjI kudrq sfjI hY, (Aus ivc) afsx jmf ky AuqÈfh-pUrvk (Auh dI) dyK-Bfl krn lg ipaf. (Bfv, kudrq ivc ivafpk ho ky, iksy pRkfr dy akyvyN qoN rhq bVy cfa nfl ies dI sFB-sMBfl krn lgf).

(a) jyqf kIqf qyqf nfAu .. ivxu nfvY nfhI ko QfAu .. ..{gu[gRM[pM[ô}

arQ : ieh sfrf sMsfr, jo akflpurK ny bxfieaf hY, ieh Aus df srUp hY . koeI QF akflpurK dy srUp qoN ÉflI nhI hY, (Bfv, ijhVI QF jF pdfrQ vyKIey) AuhI akflpurK df srUp idsdf hY, isRÈtI df Ëwrf Ëwrf akflpurK df srUp hY.

ÈRI gurU gRMQ sfihb drpx` ivKy ‘jpu` dI Auprokq pMkqI ƒ arQfAux qoN pihlF arQ Bfv dI spÈtqf leI hyT iliKaf ivÈyÈ not idwqf hY :-

aMgryËI ivc do Èbd hn- Substance qy Property. iqvyN, sMsikRq ivc hn ‘nfm` qy ‘gux`. so ‘nfm` (srUp) Substance hY qy gux Property hY. jdoN iksy jIv df jF iksy pdfrQ df ‘nfm` rwKIdf hY, ies df Bfv ieh huMdf hY ik Aus df srUp (Èkl) nIXq krIdf hY. jdoN Auh nfm leIdf hY, Auh hsqI awKF awgy af jFdI hY. so, ‘siq` aqy ‘nfmu` dovF ÈbdF dI Auprokq ivcfr qoN iehI iswtf inkldf hY ik jy prmfqmf df mUilk qy aDfrBUq ivafpk rUp (ÃÄ ) sdf iQr hoNd vflf hY, ijs dy afsry ‘sgly jMq` qy ‘KMz bRhmMz` KVHy hn qF iPr sfry jIa-jMqF qy KMzF bRhmMzF dy rUp ivc, jo Aus df jgq rUp pRgt srUp hY, Auh BI hoNd vflf hY.

ikAuNik, jy kr muwZ (Root)‘siq` hovy qF Aus dI pYdfieÈ (Growth) df ‘ siq` hoxf vI suBfivk hY. jy krqf swc hovy qF Aus dI ikrq ƒ BI siq-srUp hI mMinaF jFdf hY. jy aDfr swcf hovy qF Aus dI Dfrn kIqI sfrI smgrI vI swcI huMdI hY. gurbfxI ivc ‘mUlu siq, siq Auqpiq`, ‘afip siq kIaf sBu siq`(pM[ òøô} aqy ‘afip sfcu DfrI sB sfcu`(pM[òùô) afidk aMimRq bcnf duafrf ies hkIkq ƒ hI pRgt kIqf igaf hY. ---cldf

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