iswK Drm ivwc aOrq dI brfbrI

(iesqrI rUp cyrI kI inafeI[[[!)

pRo: ieMdr isMG ‘Gwgf’

duiKafrI mnuwKqf dy drdI, jgq qfrk mhfn siqgurU jI dy gurbfxI rUp ivcfrF ƒ sfry lokI (iswK BI qy gYr iswK BI) ‘‘aqI AuØwqm, bhuq mhfn qy pivwqr, pUrI qrHF ivigafnk, aqy mnuwKI msilaf df ieko iewk vfhd hwl``, kihMdy ilKdy af rhy hn. axigxq Drm pRcfrk, styj `qy klfmeI ÈbdfvlI dI vrqoN kridaF aOrq ƒ pUrn siqkfrXog hI nhIN, sgoN pUjxXog dyvI bxf ky pyÈ kr jFdy hn. dUjy pfsy hor vyKo iksy BI sMsfrI vsqU dI ivkrI mÈhUrI df ieÈiqhfr hovy, Auh BI aOrq dI ÈmUlIaq qoN ibnF nhIN cldf. ijnHF vsqF dI iesqrI ny kdI vrqoN nhIN kIqI, (nÈy afid) ijnHF cIËF nfl Ausdf koeI iswDf lgfAu BI nhIN, AuhnF `c BI DU GsIt krky iesqrI ƒ Èfml kr ilaf jFdf hY. sMsfr ivwc koeI BI aijhf mnuwK nhIN jo mfqf qoN ibnF pYdf hoieaf hovy. sfzI rojmrf dI bolcfl ivwc pRQm ijkr ‘‘mF`` df afAuNdf hY. ‘‘mF bfp, mfqf ipqf, mF df ipafr, mF df duwD, mF bolI, mF jfieaf afid.`` pr skUl dfKly qoN ÈurU krky, hr QfvyN, ihwk dy Ëor, mF df nfm bwcy dy vfirs vjoN nhIN ilKvfieaf jFdf, sgoN ipqf df nfm drj kIqf jFdf hY.

iensfnIaq dy nfqy hr mnuwK df ieh PrË bxdf hY ik Auh mF ipAu df brfbr pUrf siqkfr kry. pRMqU gurmiq dy DfrnI, gurU nfnk nfm lyvf, guriswKF vfsqy qF hor BI ËrUrI bxf jFdf hY, ik Auh jg jnxI ƒ bxdf pUrf siqkfr dyx, ikAuNik iswK qF gurU hukmF ƒ mMnx qy pRcfrn leI vcnbwD hn. ies leI dunIaF dy lokF dI mMdI nkl iqafg ky, iswK aOrq df iËafdf afdr mfx krn. afm iswK BfeIcfry ivcoN BI Kflsf pMQ dy coxvyN aMg, Drm pRcfrkF dI iËMmyvfrI hor BI vD jFdI hY ikAuNik ieh qbkf iËafdf sucyq, vwD igafnvfn (igafnI) aqy gurmiq dy asUlF dI vwD jfxkfrI rwKx vflf mMinaf jFdf hY. pr ienHF ivwc BI sB kuJ qswlIbKÈ nhIN hY. afm iswK pRcfrkF nfloN ikqy vD iËMmyvfrI hY ‘‘sMqF mhFpurKF`` dI ikAuNik ieh lok kyvl ÈrDf dy pfqr hI nhIN hn, blik ÈrDflU (aigafnvs) iswKF qoN afpxI pUjf krvf rhy hn. Auh kyvl ‘‘DrmI purK`` hI nhIN hn, sgoN smfj ƒ ‘‘Drm dy rfh`` qurn dI jFc isKf rhy hn. ‘‘sMqF mhFpurKF`` dI iËMmyvfrI ies leI BI vD jFdI hY ik ieh syvkF dy, imhnq nfl kmfey Dn, aqy Byt kIqy pdfrQF qoN, axigxq loVF pUrIaF krdy hn. afm ijMLdgI ivwc jy kdI zfktr, vkIl, mËdUr afid imhnqfnf lY ky, Xog kMm nF kry, ieCfvF qy pUrf nf Auqry, lgn nfl kMm nf kry, kI Aus ƒ ipafr siqkfr iml skygf? kdI BI nhIN. iPr jy iswK Drm dy mohrI (?) nvykly pihrfvy ivwc sjy Pby, Boly syvkF dI imhnq qoN, jo aflIÈfn mihlF ivwc rih rhy hn, aOsq iswK syvkF nfloN hËfrF guxF vD suwK shUlqF nfl jIvn ibqf rhy hn. iPr kI iehnF mhFpurKF ƒ pfvn gurbfxI df shI qrIky pRcfr nhIN krnf cfhIdf? jy Auh gurbfxI dy cfnx ivwc jIvn bqIq nhIN krdy, aqy gurbfxI ivwc ilKq asUlF dI mnmrjI muqfbk qoV BMn krdy hn, iPr ‘‘kI ieh sMq mhFpurK`` aKvfAux dy hwkdfr BI hn? bRfhmxI rIqI vrgf hI, iehnF adfiraF ivcoN, iswK pMQ ƒ kurfhy pfAux vflf inq idn pRcfr ho irhf hY, sfry pwK ivcfridaF qF bhuq pMny ilKy jf skdy hn. ies ilKq ivwc kyvl ieko nukqf ivcfiraf jf irhf hY, ik aOrq dy siqkfr pRqI iehnF sQfnF ivwc ikho ijhI mfrU soc pRcfrI jf rhI hY.

kudrqI inXmF muqfbk, sMsfr pwDr `qy pRvfixq, gRihsq jIvn qoN 99 PIsdI iswK zyrydfr ienkfrI hn. smuwcI gurbfxI ivwc, pRvfirk iËMdgI df iqafg krky iksy hor ZMg qrIky jIvn bqIq krn dI, ikqy hmfieq nhIN kIqI geI. sgoN gRihsq jIvn dI vizafeI byaMq vfrI kIqI geI hY. gurbfxI ivwc smJfAux ihq, jy iksy nukqy dI sB qoN vwD vrqoN hoeI hY, qF Auh BI pqI-pqnI dy ipafr sbMDF dI. pRymI-pRymkf dI nhIN qy nF hI iksy ivBcfrI purK dI vizafeI kIqI geI hY. sfry gur ivakqI (awTvyN siqgurU qoN ibnf, bfl Aumr krky) gRihsqI sn, pRvfr dIaF iËMmyvfrIaF ƒ bfKUbI inBfAuNdy rhy sn. ieDr jrf iswK zyiraF dI inq idn dI kfrguËfrI ƒ ghu nfl vyKo. zyry dy muKI bfbf jI ny koeI iesqrI ivafh krvf ky nhIN ilaFdI. jy pihlF qoN pqnI hY sI qF Aus ƒ iqafg idwqf hY. pr byaMq aOrqF dy Jurmt ivwc bfbf jI sdf hI iGry rihMdy hn. crn prsxy, hwQIN syvf krnI, Dn pdfrQ arpx krny, rogF dI nivrqI vfsqy ardfsF, puwqr pRfpqI vfsqy[[[.

iehnF loVF dI hoV ivwc sMq jI duafly myly vrgI cihl pihl vyKI jf skdI hY. ‘‘mhfqmf jI`` ny ikAuNik ÈfdI nhIN krvfeI ies leI Aulfd BI nhIN huMdI. dUjy bMny iDafn nfl vyKo ikMny sfry CotI vwzI Aumr dy lVky, bfbf jI dI syvf ivwc hfËr hn. koeI inwjI syvf ivwc hY, lMgr iqafr kr irhf hY, pÈUaF dI sMBfl qy hY, pfT-kIrqn kr irhf hY. koeI syvfdfr hwQ ivwc ilÈkdf lotf PVI moZy qy qOlIaF rwKI nMgy pYNrI bfbf jI dy ipwCy ipwCy turdf hY, ijs ƒ ‘‘gVveI`` df iKqfb idwqf igaf hY. ikrqI iswKF dy bVy sfdy ijhy mkfn BI bVIaF muÈklF nfl bxdy hn. mhFpurKF dy sMgqF dI ikRpf sdkf (?) aflIÈfn mihl CyqI hI Ausr jFdy hn. Aumr Br dI imnhq kridaF BI sfrI iËMdgI GrylU loVF pUrIaF nhIN huMdIaF. ieDr zyiraF ivwc hr qrHF dy suwK arfm vfly smfnF dy aMbfr lwgy nËr afAuxgy. lgpg sfry bfby akfl qKq sfihb dI pRvfxq mirafdf ƒ kdoN dy iqlFjlI dy cuwky hn. pMQ ƒ KyrUM KyrUM krn vwl ieh iewk Kqrnfk ruJfn hY. ipCly vIh ku sfl qoN iswKF ny jo sMqfp Boigaf hY, Aus srkfrI dmn ivruwD, iksy mhFpurK ny jordfr afvfË nhIN AuTfeI. iswDy sfDy ÈrDfvfn, mfeI BfeI vloN arpx kIqf aQfh Dn, inwjI jfiedfd ivwc plt igaf hY. iksy sMq bfby vloN akfl qKq sfihb dI mihmf, sRI drbfr sfihb dI vizafeI, pMjF ipafiraF dI Aucqf, Èbd gurU dI mhfnqf, afpxI inwjI sKÈIaq ƒ mnPI krky nhIN drsfeI jFdI ikAuNik pUjf qF afpxI qy mirafdf afpxy zyry dI hI krvfxI hoeI, bfkI qF ivKfvy vfly sfDn mfqr hn.

sMqF dy inwjI bxfey asQfnF (Drm asQfnF) zyiraF ivwc AuhnF dI pUrI izktytriÈp cldI hY. ieQy bIbIaF ƒ gurU gRMQ sfihb dI qfibaf bYT ky pfT nhIN krn idwqf jFdf. sMgqI rUpI ivwc mohrI ho ky, koeI BYx ardfs nhIN kr skdI. pMjF ipafiraF nimq kwiZaf igaf pRsfid, bIbIaF ƒ nhIN vrqfieaf jFdf. kIrqn krn dI mukMml mnfhI hY. iqafr br iqafr bIbIaF ƒ BI kdI ngr kIrqn dI agvfeI nhIN krn idqI jFdI. gurU sfihbfn vloN aOrqF ƒ idwqf igaf brfbr df ruqbf apRvfn krky, pMQk rihq mirafdf dI AulMGxf krky, aMimRq df bftf iqafr krn vfsqy qF kdI BI Èfml nhIN kIqf jFdf. BfvyN iksy BI hflfq ivwc shI pr bIbI jgIr kOr ƒ ÈRomxI kmytI dI pRDfn bxf ky iewk vwzI KVoq ƒ qoiVaf igaf hY. ho skdf hY afAux vfly smyN ivwc koeI sulJI hoeI iesqrI sKÈIaq, akflI dl dI pRDfn BI bx jfvy. agoN iPr sRI akfl qKq sfihb qy bfkI qKqF dI jQydfr BI koeI iesqrI bx jfvy. mOjUdf smyN ivwc qF drbfr sfihb aMimRqsr ivKy bIbIaF ƒ gurbfxI kIrqn dI BI mnfhI hY. ipCy ijhy drbfr sfihb dI sPfeI krn qoN BYxF ƒ rok idwqf igaf sI.

jdoN BI puiCaf jfvy ik qusIN brfbr df ruqbf bIbIaF ƒ ikAuN nhIN dy rhy? qF bosIdf iksm dIaF qrk rihq khfxIaF suxn ƒ imldIaF hn. jF iksy gurbfxI dI aDUrI pMkqI df shfrf lY ilaf jFdf hY. ‘‘iesqrI rUp cyrI kI inafeI (1268) ieh siqgurU jI df hI Purmfn hY jI.`` aKy aOrq cylI, syvkf, hI ho skdI hY. gurU nfnk sfihb df ieh pfvn vfk qF jwg jfhr hY - ‘‘so ikAu mMdf afKIaY ijq jMmih rfjfn.`` BfeI sfihb BfeI gurdfs jI ny gurbfxI dy cfnx ivwc hI afiKaf hY ‘‘lok vyd gux igafn ivwc arD srIrI, mOK duafrI.`` gurmuiK suK Pl inhcAu nfrI.. nrk duafrI nhIN. bRfhmxI soc qihq Aumr dy cfr ihwsy vMzx dI QfvyN BfeI sfihb BfeI gurdfs jI hor ilKdy hn. ‘‘igafnn mY igafn aru iDafnn mY iDafn gur ``

‘‘skl Drm mih gRihsq pRDfn hY..`` (376)

dsm pfqÈfh hjUr ny qF jdoN Kflsy ƒ sMpUrxqf bKÈI qF iesqrI purK dy vKryvyN df Psqf hI vwZ idwqf. AuhnF ny smuwcf hI Kflsf pMQ sfijaf sI. mrdF df alwg qy bIbIaF df alg tolf nhIN bxfieaf. asIN sfry hI iswK hF, sfry hI Kflsf ivÈyÈx dy aiDkfrI hF smyq iesqrIaF dy. Auh KflsIaF jF iswKxIaF nhIN bxfeIaF. gurU nfnk kfl qoN ÈurU krky siqkfrXog byby nfnkI jI, mfqf KIvIN jI, mfqf BfnI jI, bIbI vIro jI, mfqf gMgf jI, mfqf nfnkI jI, mfqf guËrI jI, mfqf suMdrI jI, kI iehnF dy mhfn AupkfrF ƒ axgOilaf krky, iswK swcy spUq aKvfAux dy hwkdfr rih skxgy? gurU kfl qoN bfad BI pMQ dI cVHdIklf vfsqy BYxF ny mhfn Xogdfn pfieaf hY.

ieslfm ivwc aOrq dI qrsXog hflq qoN hr koeI vfkP hY. msijd ivwc nf jfx dyxf, pVdy ivwc rwKxf, bhu pqnI pRQf, adflq ivwc iewk mrd dy mukfbly do aOrqF vloN gvfhI dyxI afid. kurbfn jfeIey Aus smfj dy ijnHF ipCly smyN ivwc
bynjIr Buwto ƒ pfiksqfn dI pRDfn mMqrI qwk bxf idwqf. bMgflf dys ivwc bIbI Kfildf jIaf pRDfn mMqrI rih cuwkI hY. qy hux hsInf bygm AuQoN dI pRDfn mMqrI hY. XhUdI Drm ivwc iesqrI ƒ brfbrqf pRfpq nhIN, iPr BI AuQy iewk vfrI (iesrfiel ivwc) rfÈtrpqI dy ahudy qwk bIbI golzf mfier puj geI sI. sRI lMkf ivwc do mF DI rfÈtrpqI qy pRDfn mMqrI dy siqkfrq ahudy qy ibrfjmfn hn. ijs ihMdU Drm ny iesqrI ƒ ÈUdr, pYr dI juwqI, bfGx, kfmx, zfiex qwk afiKaf Ausy dys ivwc ieMdrf gFDI lgpg solF sfl pRDfn mMqrI rhI. ieseIaq ivwc Dfrimk qOr qy iesqrI ƒ ikDry BI brfbr df drjf pRfpq nhIN hY. iPr BI AuhnF lokF ijMLdgI dy hr Kyqr ivwc mrdF dy brfbr hI nhIN, sgoN keI hflqF ivwc aOrqF ƒ kfÌI vD aiDkfr idwqy hoey hn. sfzy bhuq sfry iswK vIr, pwCmI mulkF dIaF anYiqk gwlF ƒ qF Jwt apxf lYNdy hn. pr AuhnF vloN bIbIaF ƒ idwqf igaf mfx siqkfr qy brfbrqf sfzy dysI Brf Ëihr df Guwt smJdy hn. pwCmI mulkF ivwc rih ky BI sfzy vIrF dI soc bhuq ipCFh iKwcU hY. AuhI pMjfb dy ipMzF ivwc pRclq purfxIaF gwlF duhrfAuNdy afKxgy - ‘‘jnfnIaF dI guwq ipwCy mwq huMdI hY, bhuqf isr nhIN cVfeI df, bhuq Kuwl nhIN dyeI dI`` afid. pqf AudoN lgdf hY jdoN ies njfieË pRyÈfnI qoN qMg pY ky qlfk ho jFdy hn qy juafn lVkIaF GroN nws jFdIaF hn, axcfhy nOjvfnF nfl, qy iPr kdI vfps nhIN prqdIaF.

gurU Gr df kQfvfck hox krky lyKk ƒ dys ivdys ivwc Drm pRcfr ihwq jfx df avsr imldf rihMdf hY. jdoN BI kdI gurbfxI dy cfnx ivwc BYxF dy hwk ivwc bolx df Xqn kIqf, qF bhuqIaF QfvF qy sKq ivroD df sfhmxf krnf ipaf. kuJ QfvF qy pRbMDk pihlF hI afpxIaF pUrv insicq ÈrqF suxf dyNdy hn. iehnF lfeIaF ÈrqF dI puÈtI gurbfxI ivcoN nhIN huMdI, nf hI pMQ pRvfxq iswK rihq mirafdf ivcoN pRoVqf huMdI hY. bs iewk gwl khI jFdI hY, ‘‘jI PlF zyry dy muKI sMq bfbf jI ny iesy qrHF disaf sI`` qy bws. ies ilKq df isrlyK gurbfxI dI pMkqI df awDf ku ihwsf hY. iesy awDI pMkqI ƒ BYxF dy ivruwD sMq syvkF vwloN afm vriqaf jf irhf hY. iswK smfj qy ieh imhrbfnI kIqI hY sMq mhFpurKF ny. ‘‘aOrq dfsI hY, mrd dI, ijQy aOrqF dI mrËI cly Auh Gr nhIN vsdy, bhuqI pVfeI nF krfieaf kro kuVIaF ƒ, pVH ky ivgV jFdIaF hn.`` ieh ‘‘AupkfrI`` pRcfr Drm sQfnF ivwc gurbfxI dy aDUry hvfly dy ky kIqf jFdf hY. pUrI pMkqI ies qrHF hY:-

iesqrI rUp cyrI kI inafeI, soB nhIN ibnu Brqfry.. (m[4[ 1268)

ieQy jIv iesqrI df pRBU awgy qrlf hY ik ijvyN sMsfr ivwc pqI qoN ibnF pqnI df jIvn aDUrf hY, iesy qrHF pRmfqmf pqI qoN bgYr jIv iesqrI df jIvn aDUrf hY. awgy hor vyKo, ikvyN siqgurU iesqrI ƒ gurmuiK afK ky mfx dy rhy hn:

gurmuiK kfmix bieaf sIgfru.. soBfvMqI khIaY nfir.. (m[3-1277)

aglI pMkqI ivwc qF iewk mjydfr svfl AuTfieaf igaf hY ik BfeI pRBU dr qy mrd hoxf jF aOrq hoxf koeI ivÈyÈqf nhIN rwKdf. AuQy qF kIqy kMmF dy nbyVy hoxy hn:

kAun ko purK, kAun kI nfrI..

ieaf qqu lyhu srIr bIcfrI.. (kbIr jI-331)

sfrIaF hI asIN jIv iesqrIaF hF pqI qF ieko pRfmfqmf purK hY.

nfrI purKu, purKu sB nfrI, sBu eyko puurKu murfry.. (m[4-983)

ies qrHF hr mnuwK dy aMdr nfrI hY qy hr nfrI dy aMdr iewk purK hY ikAuNik bIj rUp ivwc bwcy bwcI dI ÈurUafq mrd qoN huMdI hY. mF dy pyt ivwc inwky axU df ivkfs qy pflxf huMdI hY. purK mih nfir, nfir mih purKf, bUJru bRhm igafnI.(m[ -879)

iewk hor Èbd ivwc kuJ ieAuN BI drj hY ik asIN qF ivDIpUrvk rwbI rjf ivwc rihMidaF siqgur qoN afigaf pRfpq krky, anMd kfrj krvf ky, brfq smyq shury Gr Zuk ky jIvn sfQx pRfpq kIqI hY.

‘‘su krxI kfmix, gurimil hm pfeI..

jMij kfij prQfie suhfeI..`` (m[5[371)

siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny gurbfxI rfhIN jo suwcy moqI, ijMLdgI df swc, svYmfx BrI jIvn jFc, ivigafnk phuMc, mnuwKqf ƒ bKiÈÈ kIqI hY, Aus df iswK smfj ny hflI qwk pUrf muwl nhIN pfieaf. iehnF ivcoN Drm pRcfrkF dI Kfs iËMmyvfrI bxdI sI, sMgqF qoN pUjf krvfAux vfly, aiswDy rUp ivwc gurU bx bYTy sMqF sfDUaF dI BI gurbfxI awj BI nvIN nkor hY, agoN BI rhygI, pRcfrkF dI buwDI jMgflI geI hY. gurU bfxI ƒ smJx vfsqy sMsfrI Auc ividaf dy nfl, inrMkfrI anuBv df hoxf bhuq ËrUrI hY. bhuigxqI kQfkfrF vloN ihMdU mwq dIaF pOrfixk khfxIaF hI gurmiq df lybl lf ky sMgqF awgy prosIaF jf rhIaF hn. ieh BI afKI jfxf ‘‘iswK Drm bhuq mhfn hY, ivigafnk hY, sfry DrmF nfloN vDIaf qy afDuink hY. pr ikvyN? pwQr juwg dIaF khfxIaF sux ky iswKI mhfn nhIN ho jfxI. krfmfqI GtnfvF nfl iswKI mhfn nhIN ho jfxI. krfmfqI GtnfvF nfl iswK Drm ivigafnk nhIN bxnf. dUjy DrmF qoN jy iswKI dy asUl vDIaf hn qF ikvyN? dsxf pvygf. bIbIaF ƒ dfsIaF bxf ky jF mMdf slUk krky iswK Drm Auqm nhIN hoxf. ieh kuJ qF sfzy guaFZI vI kr rhy hn. awj jdoN koeI iswK (?) gurbfxI dI pMkqI df aDUrf ihwsf pVH ky kihMdf hY ik ‘‘iesqRI rUp cyrI kI inafeI[[[[`` qF qn mn qVp AuTdf hY. ieAuN pRqIq huMdf hY ik Auh nf smJ, sfzIaF siqkfrq mfqfvF ƒ byiewËq krn dI mMdI krqUq df BfgIdfr bx irhf hY. sgoN smuwcI iesqrI jfqI pRqI iqRskfr dI Bfvnf rwKdf hY. hor qy hor jo afpxI mF BYx, pqnI aqy bytI ƒ BI ‘‘iesqRI rUp cyrI kI inafeI`` kihxo Èrm nhIN krdf, Auh Kud ikMnI ku akl qy iewËq df mflk ho skdf hY? Kud ikqnf ku pivwqr ho skdf hY? iPr qF ieh kihx qy mËbUr hox pYNdf hY :-

nfrI df apmfn krdy sfry gRMQ apivwqr ny.

jo nfrI ƒ juwqI kihMdy Kud BI qF iewk iCwqr ny.

siqgurU ies bwjr pfp leI sB ƒ muafPI qy sumwq dyvy.

kuJ hor gurvfk - DMn jnnI ijn jfieaf, DMn ipqf prDfn..

siqgur syv suK pfieaf ivchu gieaf gumfn.. (32)

- sy DnvMq idsih Gir jfie..

nfnk jnnI DMnI mfie.. (1257)

Kfs not - awj kl suprIm kort (Bfrq srkfr) ny hukm jfrI kr idwqf hY ik bwcy dy nfm ilKx ligaf, ipqf dy nfm nfl mfqf df nfm ËrUrI iliKaf jfvy qF ik bfd ivwc koeI kfƒnI aOkV nf afvy.

dsm pfiqÈfh dy drbfr df iewk roÈn isqfrf kvI ‘‘ipAUK`` aOrq dy hwk ivwc bVI Èfndfr kivqf ilK igaf hY. jo ieAuN hY :-

hovq hYrfnI pÈymfnI mn BIqr iXh,

sblf ko nfm log ablf Drq hYN.

bVy bVy pMizq aOr gunI ivdvfn jn,

anQf bcn bol pfp ko krq hYN.

mhF sUrbIr nr rx ky jqweIaf BfryN,

kotn ky afgy snmuK hoie lrq hYN.

khq ipAUK kvI dyKy hm lfKoN bIr,

nfrI Èyr afgy sB jMbk zrq hYN.

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