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ipRM: igafnI surjIq isMG
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guruU gRMQ sfihb jI dy cfr sO sflf qy ivsLysL:
pMQ
dI syvf ivc iek suafl? kI sWcmuc aj sfnUM ieh kihx df hWk rih cukf hY ik aj asIN
Ausy hI ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI’ dI ‘cfr sO sflf sLqfbdI’ mnf rhy
hF:- ijs ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI’ dI prm sLuWDqf nUM kfiem rKx vfsqy,
iesdy sMpfdk pMjvyN nfnk-gurU arjn pfqsLfh ny apxy srb mhfn-srb AuWqm srIr dI
qsIhy BrpUr sLhfdq qF mnjLUr kr leI aqy dy vI idWqI pr iesdI bfxI ivc rMck mfqr
vI imlfvt mnjLUr nhIN kIqI.
iesdy Ault, kI aj asIN Ausy hI ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb
jI’ dy dfavydfr aKvfAux vfilaF ny gurduafiraF dy rsqy hI, isWKI dy pRcfr qy
pRsfr dy nfm qy (BFvyN sfry nhIN pr bhuqy) rfgI, ZfzI, kQfvfck, BfeI, gRMQI,
buDIjIvI, pfTI, DUpIey, syvfdfr, pRbMDk, sLbd cOkI jWiQaF aqy kIrqn drbfr
sosfietIaF afid vfly bxky gurbfxI ivcfrDfrf-gurbfxI iPLlfsPLI-gurbfxI jIvn df
BrvF mjLfk AuzfAux ivc iek dUjy qoN bfjLI lY jfx vfsqy isr qoN pYrF qIk df jLor
lgf rhy hF.
ieWqnf hI nhIN iPLr svf svf tWn dy mgrmWCI aWQrU kyrn ivc vI
sB qoN agy hF aqy ro ro ky sMsfr nUM dsxf cfhuMdy hF ik sfzy qoN vWzf isWKI df
pRcfrk-drdI aqy hmdrd koeI jMimaf hI nhIN. iesy BfrI icMqf ivc aj sfzIaF gogVF,
koTIaF, bYNk bYlyNs, cODrF aqy vjLIrIaF vI inWq vWzy qoN vWzy rUp Dfrn kr rhIaF
hn aqy ibnf rok khI vI jf rhIaF hn. iPLr vI khI jf rhy hF ik pqf nhIN ikAuN
"nojuafn isWKI qoN dUr jf irhf hY… "isWK pnIrI DWVf DWV piqWq ho rhI
hY" vgLYrf vgLYrf.
kox hY mfeI df lfl? ijhVf gurU nUM hfjLr nfjLr jfxky khy ik
aj sfzy gurduafry sWcmuc isWKI pRcfr-pRsfr dy kyNdr hn? hF, iesdy Ault jy kr
gurU BX-BfvnI ivc kihx vflI gl bx jfvy qF sfry hI kih skFgy ik sfzy gurduafry hI
aj sB qoN vWzy ibjLins sYNtr aqy isWK Drm dy vWzy ivkfAU kyNdr hn. aj sfzy
gurduafry hI isWK Drm df jldI qoN jldI Bog pfAux vfsqy idn-rfq ieWk kr rhy hn.
kI aj sfzIaF sLqfbdIaF vI ikWDry iesy pfsy hI qF nhIN jf rhIaF? pr ieh ieWk
kWVvI scfeI hY ik iesy cldI lX ivc sLqfbdIaF df mnfAuxf, isWK Drm dI qbfhI vfsqy
iksy vWzy quPLfn pYdf krn qoN GWt nhIN.
kfsL ik ienHF sLqfbdIaF nUM aj asIN iesy scfeI dy GoKx vfsqy
hI vrq skIey ijsqoN asIN iek vfr iPLr qoN gurU pfqsLfh dI inWGI god vl vWD skIey
.
pMjvyN pfqsLfh gurU arjn sfihb
ipRNMsIpl
igafnI surjIq isMG, isK imsLnrI, idWlI
afgmn-
gurU arjn pfqsLfh df pRkfsL 15 apRYl
sMn 1563
muqfibk 19 vYsfK
sMmq 1620 nMU
goieMdvfl sfihb ivKy hoieaf. afp cOQy pfqsLfh gurU rfmdfs jI (Aus smyN BfeI
jyTf jI) aqy bIbI BfnI jI dy sB qoN Coty aqy qIjy spuqR sn. afpjI dy do vwzy
Brfqf ipRQI cMd aqy myhrbfn sn.
bWcpn-
afp jIvn dy pihly XfrHF sfl goieMdvfl sfihb hI rhy. afp jI nMU bfxI dI guVHqI
apxy nfnF-qIjy pfqfsLfh koloN "doihqf bfxI kf boihQf" vfly afsLIrvfd
rfhI pRfpq hoeI. afpjI XfrHF sfl dy sn jdoN qIjy pfqsLfh joqI joq smf gey.
gurgWdI dI ijLmyvfrI afp jI dy ipqf gurU rfmdfs jI nMU pRfpq hoeI. gurgWdI
pRfpqI AuprMq, cOQy pfqsLfh gurU kf cWk, mOjUdf sRI aMimRqsr ivKy af gey. ieh
sQfn qIjy pfqsLfh ny afp KLrIidaf aqy vsfieaf sI.
gurgWdI pRfpqI-
pihlI sqMbr sMn 1581
nMU cOQy pfqsLfh goieMdvfl ivKy joqI joq smf gey. AuprMq gurgWdI dI ijLmyvfrI
afpjI nMU pRfpq hoeI. cldy af rhy nIXm anusfr gurgWdI sONpxf smyN afp jI nMU
pihly pfqsLfh qoN lYky cOQy pfqsLfh qIk dI bfxI df sfrf KLjLfnf pRfpq hoieaf.
ies ivc 15
BgqF dI bfxI vI mOjUd sI. BgqF dI bfxI gurU nfnk pfqsLfh ny apxy pRcfr dOiraF
smyN afp iekqR kIqI sI. vWzy BRfqf ipRQI cMd ny gurgWdI pRfpqI df BrvF ivroD
kIqf pr pfqsLfh azol aqy sLFq icWq rhy, ivroD df AuqWr nhIN idqf. ipRQI cMd nMU
afp hI mMUh dI KfxI peI. kuJ ieiqhfskfrF ny ies smy qy dsqfr bMdI df ijLkr kIqf
hY ijhVI ik inrol bRfhmxI rsm hY. gurbfxI isDFq nfl iesdf koeI myl nhIN. vYsy vI
ieh GWtnf acfnk pMjvyN pfqsLfh nfl hI joVI geI hY. pihlF jF bfd ivc ikWDry vI
ajyhf ijLkr nhIN. asl ivc ieh ieWk ieiqhfsk imlfvt hY. gurgWdI pRfpqI smyN XfrHF
Bwt vI puWjy hoey sn. AunHF ny gurU drbfr AuWpr akfl purK dI pRqWK bKLisLsL
sMbMDI svyXY Aucfrx kIqy ijhVy gurbfxI ivc drj hn.
ipRQIcMd dIaF
iGnfAuxIaF hrkqF- cOQy pfqsLfh ny ‘gurU
kf cwk’ vsfAux vfsqy vwwKry vwKry ikiqaF dy lokF nMu sdf idqf sI aqy AuQy
sLhrI vsoN vfly sfry pRbMD vI krny sn. msMdf rfhIN pRfpq sMgqF dI-kfr Bytf df
pRbMD ipRQI cMd pfs hI sI. ‘iKisafxI iblI KMBf nocy’ dy aKfx anusfr, gurgwdI
leIy hor jWqnF ‘c Pyl ho jfx AuprMq ipRQI cMd aqI hoCy hiQafrF qy Auqr afieaf.
gurU drbfr dI nfkfbMdI krvf idWqI. gurUdr dy rbfbI swqf aqy blvMz nMU AunHF dI
lVkI dy afnMd kfrj smyN cuWk cukf ky bfgI kr idWqf. cMUik msMdf nfl iesdI iswDI
sFJ sI. msMdf nMU bihkf ky, sMgqF rfhIN Byjy dsvMD qy hwQ sfPL kr lYNdf aqy lMgr
Cwkx vfsqy, sMgqF nMU ‘gurU ky lMgr’ ivc Byj dyNdf. AuQy koeI afmdn nf pujx
krky lMgr zMg tpfAU sn. iesqrHF gurUdrbfr nMU bdnfm krn dI Aus vloN ieh ieWk
iGxfAuxI cfl sI. drasl ajyhy CVjMqr gurUdr dy ivroiDaF vloN inWq rcy jf rhy sn;
ipRQI cMd qF gurU pRvfr ivcoN vriqaf jf irhf AunHF df kyvl iek muhrf sI.
Cy kU mhIny bfd jdoN BfeI gurdfs jI afpxy pRcfr dOry qoN vfps
pWujy qF sfry hflfq df pqf lWgf. AunHF ny bfbf buWZf, BfeI sfhlo, BfeI pYrf,
BfeI jyTf jI afid nfl pUrI ivAuNq bxfky, ipRQI cMd dy ies jfl nMU kWitaf. sWqy
blvMz nUM vI apxI krnI Aupr pWCqfvf sI pr rsqf nhIN sI iml irhf. BfeI lWDf
propkfrI afid gurisWKF dI syvf Bfvnf sdkf, AunHF ny vI afpxI Bul bKsLvfeI aqy
gurU crxF ivc vfps prqy. ieWqny ivroDI hflfqF ivc vI pMjvyN pfqsLfh iblkul sLFq
icwq aqy krqy dy sLukrfny ivc rhy. ienHF sfrIaF GtnfvF df ijLkr BwtF ny apxy
svXF ivc aqy ‘sWqy blvMz’ ny apxI vfr ivc bVy sulJy ZMg nfl kIqf hY.
aMimRqsr aqy drbfr
sfihb dI kfiemI - cOQy pfqsLfh rfhIN
arMB ‘gurU df cWk’ vsfAux vfly kMm nMu pfqsLfh ny apxI sMBfl ivc ilaf.
mOjUdf ‘aMimRqsr’ srovr dI KudfeI dy kMm ivc qyjLI ilaFdI. sMgqF dI vwD rhI
afbfdI aqy AunHF dIaF loVF nMU muWK rKky kuJ dUrI qy bx rhy iek hor srovr
sMqoKsr nUM vI pWkf krvfieaf. sMn 1588
ivc ieh dovyN srovr mukml hoey. akqUbr sMn 1588
nMU pfqsLfh ny aMimRqsr (srovr) dy ivWckfr ‘drbfr sfihb’ dI nINh afp rKI.
kuJ ieiqhfskfrF ny ieh nINh, gurUdr dy ainMn sLrDflU muslmfn sUPLI PLkIr mIaFmIr
qoN rKvfAux dI gl ilKI hY, jo TIk sfbq nhIN huMdI. sMn 1590
ivc ‘drbfr sfihb’ vflI ieh
iemfrq vI mukMml ho geI. bfd ivc aMimRqsr srovr kfrx, ‘gurU kf cWk’ df nfm
hI aMimRqsr sLihr pRclq ho igaf.
nF 'drbfr sfihb’
hY ‘svrn mMdr’ nhIN- qIjy pfqsLfh ny
isWK Drm df kyNdr kfiem krn vfsqy sMn 1570
ivc ‘gurU kf cwk’ vsfieaf. iehI ‘cWk’
pRPulq hoky ‘srovr’ dy nfm qy pUry sLihr df nfm hI ‘aMimRqsr’ ho igaf.
pfqsLfh ny srovr dy ivWckfr ‘drbfr sfihb’ sQfpq kIqf. ivWcly smy ‘drbfr
sfihb’ vfsqy sLbd ‘hirmMdr sfihb’ pRclq ho igaf hY. gurbfxI aMdr mnuWKf
srIr, sfDsMgq jF iPLr sMpUrn rcnf vfsqy ‘hirmMdr’ sLbd kul 20
vfrI afieaf hY, pr iksy iblizMg vfsqy ikWDry nhIN afieaf.
asl ivc ‘drbfr sfihb’ vfsqy sLbd ‘hirmMdr’ dI vrqoN
ivc vI bRfhmxI imlfvt dI bU afAuNdI hY aqy pMQk Koj dI mohqfj hY. AuprMq mhfrfjf
rxjIq isMG rfhIN ies Aupr sony df pWqrf JVfAux kfrx, iesnMU ‘svrn mMdr’ jF
‘golzn tYNpl’ vI ikhf jfx lgf. scfeI qF ieh hY ik ieh sfry nfm iesdy isDFqk
arQF nfl myl nhIN KFdy. iesdf asl nfm ‘drbfr sfihb’ hI hY.
bRfhmxI mMdrF dy Ault-
bRfhmxI pRBfvF aDIn Bfrq mMdrF df dysL hY. ienHF mMdrF ivWc iek krqy nUM Bulfky
anykF dyvI-dyvqy aqy afp imWQy BgvfnF dIaF mUrqIaF pUjIaF jFdIaF hn. mMdrF ivc
ho rhI byaMq iesLtF-BgvfnF dI pUjf dy Ault, ‘drbfr sfihb’ ivc kyvl ieWk krqy
akflpurK dI isPLq slfh hI ho skdI hY. ieQy iksy mUrqI dI sQfpnf, pUjf jF iksy
ivakqI ivsLysL dI AusqWq vI sMBv nhIN. mMdrF ivc aKOqI sLUdrF, muslmfnF afid nMU
pRvysL df vI hwk nhIN. iesdy Ault ‘drbfr sfihb’ dy cfr drvfjy, aWTF idsLFvF
nMU Koly gey hn. ieQy hrieWk mnuWK nUM ibnF ivWqkrf jLfq-Drm-vrx, ieWsqrI-purK,
rMg-nsl-dysL sfiraF nUM ieko ijhf sWiqkfr pRfpq hY. sLfied iesy scfeI nUM dbfAux
vfsqy ivWcly smyN ivc ‘drbfr sfihb’ dI bjfey iesdy vfsqy ‘hirmMdr sfihb’
nfm pRclq kIqf igaf qfik isWK Drm dy ies kyNdrI sQfn nUM isWK ivcfrDfrf dy Ault,
sOKy hI hjLfrhF mMdrF ivc KLlq mlq kIqf jf sky. aj sLfied bhuqf iehI kuJ ho irhf
hY. pMQk pWDr qy ieh ivsLf ivsLysL bVf iDafn mNgdf hY.
anMd kfrj aqy
sMqfn- pMjvyN pfqsLfh df anMd kfrj 26
sfl dI Aumr ivc 19
jUn sMn 1589 nUM
mAu ipMz qihsIl-iPlOr ijLlf jlMDr dy BfeI iksLn cMd dI spuqRI (mfqf) gMgf jI nfl
hoieaf. Cy sfl bfd 19
jUn sMn 1595
nUM vzflI sfihb ivKy afpjI dy iekloqy spuqR mhfblLI XoDy (gurU) hirgoibMd sfihb
df afgmn hoieaf.
gurU arjn
pfqsLfh, nysLn iblzr dy rUp ivc- ies
smyN qIk, sKI srvrIey lgBg sfry pMjfb Aupr Cf cuky sn. mflvy qoN bfd mfJf
ienHF df gVH sI . drasl ihMdUaF nMU muslmfn bxfAux df sKI sulqfn aqy guWgf pUjf
ieh dOvyN bVy sOKy rsqy sn. sKI srvrIaF dy afgUaF nUM jykr sB qoN vWD zr sI qF
Auh isWKI dy pRcfr qoN sI. pMjvyN pfqsLfh ny ies gl dI prvfh kIqy ibnF, ienHF dy
hI kyNdr ivc ieWk nvF srovr aqy sLihr ‘qrnqfrn’ vsf idWqf. ienHF dy afgU
BfeI mMJ smyq anykF ny isWK Drm ivc pRvysL kIqf. ieQy hI gurdyv ny koVHIaF vfsqy
hspqfl vI bxvfieaf ijsnMU isWKF ny sMBfilaf hI nhIN. lokF ivc pfxI dI shUlIaq
nUM muK rKky pfqsLfh ny anykF KUh aqy bAulLIaF bxvfeIaF. sMn 1592
ivc ‘gurU kI vWzflI’ nyVy ‘Cyhrtf’
KUh lgvfieaf. ajkl Aus ielfky nUM ‘Cyhrtf sfihb’ kihky jfixaf jFdf hY. sMn 1593
gurUdr dy hI ainMn syvk aqy jlMDr dy gvrnr ajLIm KF dI bynqI aqy jgHf Bytf krn
qy pfqsLfh ny krqfrpur sfihb (jlMDr) vsfieaf. sMn 1597
ivc afpjI ny ‘goibMd pur’ bfd ivc
‘hirgoibMd pur’ vsfieaf. aMimRqsr ivc lokF dI vsoN vfDy qy hox kfrn iek hor
srovr ‘rfmsr’ bxvfieaf. ipMz GukyvflI ivc iek bfgL bxvfieaf aWj iesdf nfm
‘gurU kf bfgL’ hY. AuprMq bfAulI sfihb lfhOr vI bxvfieaf.
lfhOr ivc kfl, cyck df pRkop
aqy bfAulI
sfihb - sMn
1597 ivc
lfhOr ivc iBaMkr kfl pY igaf AuprMq cyck PuWt peI. glIaF bfjLfr lfsLF dy Zyr
bxdy gey. gurU pfqsLfh, sMgqF aqy apxy iekloqy zyVH sfl dy spuqR (gurU)
hirgoibMd nMU nfl lY ky lokfeI dI syvf vfsqy lfhOr ivc juWt gey. hQIN dvf-dfrU,
ibsqWr syvf, KfxpIx df pRbMD, lfsLF df sskfr krdy rhy. cyck CUq dI ibmfrI hY,
bflk hrgoibMd vfsqy iesdf mfrU asr ho skdf sI. pfqsLfh ny ieklOqy spuqR dI jfn
dI vI pRvfh nhIN kIqI. zwbI bfjLfr lfhOr ivc, gurU rfmdfs jI dy afgmn sQfn qy
pfqsLfh ny bfAulI KudvfeI aqy Aus gurduafry dI iblizMg dI AusfrI df kMm cflU
krvf idqf. ijsqoN BuKmrI df isLkfr byrujLgfr lokF nMU rujLgfr vI pRfpq hoieaf.
cyck kfrx hflfq iewqny Krfb sn ik akbr nMU afp lfhOr afAuxf ipaf. akbr, gurU
pfqsLfh rfhIN kIqI jf rhI lokfeI dI ies syvf qoN bhuq pRBfivq hoieaf. gurUdrbfr
nMU jfgIr dyxI cfhI pr pfqsLfh ny mnHf kr idWqf. pfqsLfh ny akbr nUM kihky ies
kudrqI qbfhI smyN iksfnF df mflIaf muafPL krvf idWqf. scfeI qF ieh hYik srkfrI
pwDr qy kIqI jf rhI lokfeI dI sMBfl nfloN, gurUdrbfr dI dyx ikwDry keI guxF vwD
sI.
bfl gurU jI nMU sIqlf-
pfqsLfh pRvfr smyq lgfqfr nO sfl pRcfr dOry qy rhy. ngrF nMU vsfieaf, gihry
imWTy KUh putvfey. lfhOr ivc cyck dy pRkop smyN awT mhIny lokfeI dI syvf ivc lgy
rhy. vfips aMimRqsr prqy qF bfl hirgoibMd nMU vI sIqlf (cyck) inkl afeI. jhflqF
ivc Psy vihmI lokF ny, sIqlf (mfqf) dI pUjf dIaF slfhvF idWqIaF. pfqsLfh ny
smJfieaf sIqlf jF cyck koeI mfqf jF dyvI nhIN blik iek mOsmI ibmfrI hY. iesdy
ielfj dI loV hY. ies sMbMD ivc pfqsfh ny bfxI iÖc, sLbdF df Aucfrx vI kIqf. ieh
sLbd, sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc drj hn. aj mYzIkl sfeINs dI qrWkI nfl
gurbfxI dI ieh scfeI apxy afp AuGWV ky sMsfr sfhmxy pRgt ho cukI hY.
bfl gurU jI Aupr
mfrU hmly- iek pfsy pfqsLfh rfhIN
lgfqfr jMgI pwDr qy isWKI dy pRcfr kyNdrF dI sQfpnf ho rhI sI. ienHF ivcoN
aMimRqsr, qrnqfrn, Cyhrtf sfihb, krqfrpur sfihb (jlMDr), zwbI bfjLfr lfhOr ivKy
bfAulI sfihb, hirgoibMdpurf afid pRmuWK sn. iesdy nfl hI hr smyN afpjI pRcfr
doiraF qy vI cldy rhy. dUjy pfsy ivroDIaF vlON isWDy-aisWDy sfijLsLF df mfno hVH
afieaf ipaf sI. pr ieh sBkuJ vI pfqsLfh nMU apxy ielfhI pRogrfm vloN kmjLor n kr
sikaf. ieQo qIk ik Gr ivcoN hI hWQTokf bxfky, bfl (gurU) hirgoibMd jI AuWpr
ipRQIcMd vloN iqMn vfr mfrU hmly krvfey gey. dfeI dy QxF nMU jLihr lgvf ky AunHF
nUM mrvfAux dI koisLsL, spyry rfhIN jLihrIly sWp qoNN zsvfAux dI koisLsL, iKzfvy
rfhIN dhI ivc jihr imlfky KuafAux dI koisLsL. krqy dI krnI, hr smyN pol KulHdI
rhI-dfeI, spyrf aqy iKzfvf-apxI apxI krnI df Pl Bugqdy, mrdy-mrdy swc vI Augldy
gey.
sulhI KF vloN
hmlf aqy AusdI mOq- srkfrI drbfr ivcoN
sulhI KF koloN gurUdrbfr qy hmlf krvfieaf igaf. rsqy ivc, afvy idKfAuNdy smyN
ipRQI cMd dy apxy hI BwKdy afvy qy sulhI dy GoVy df pYr afigaf. GoVf qRbk igaf
aqy sulhI bldy afvy ivc GoVy smyq izWgky sV miraf. ieslfmI akIdy anusfr bldI aWg
ivc sVky mrn vflf dOjLK df BfgI huMdf hY. AuprMq pRIQIcMd ny, Ausdy BqIjy sulBI
KF nMU apxy nfl gMZ ky muV hmlf krvfieaf pr rsqy ivc apxy ispfhIaF nfl hI JgVy
kfrx AusdI vI mOq hO geI. donF nUM apxy kIqy dI sjLf, akflpurK vloN nflo nfl hI
iml geI.
msMd pRQf,
dsvMD pRQf aqy GoiVaF df vpfr-
msMd pRQf nUM cOQy pfqsLfh ny afp arMB kIqf sI. isWKI dy vwD cuky dfiery nMU
swnmuK rKky gurU arjn sfihb ny ies msMd pRQf nUM sMsQf df rUp bKLisLaf. iesdy
nfl nfl dsvMD dI pRQf df vI arMB kIqf. ieQy hI bs nhIN, afAux vfly smyN dIaF
loVF nUM muK rKky isWKF nUM GoiVaF dy vpfr ivc inpuMn kIqf aqy ies kMm vfsqy
kfbul qIk Byijaf. sWqy llvMz dI vfr ivc ienHF glF df Kfs ijLkr afAuNdf hY.
gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI
sMpfdnf- Bgq bfxI smyq pihly pfqsLfh
qoN lYky cOQy pfqsLfh qIk df bfxI sMgRih, afp jI nMU gurgwdI pRfpqI smyN pRfpq
ho cukf sI. sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc lgBg aWDI bfxI rcnf pMjvyN pfqsLfh dI apxI
hI hY. kul 6000 slokF
ivcoN 2312
slok, gAuVI, gujrI, jYqsrI, bsMq, mfrU aqy rfmklI- Cy vfrF aqy bfxI suKmnI smyq
kul 30 rfgF
ivc afpjI dI bfxI rcnf mOjUd hY. sRI aMimRqsr ivKy sMn 1602
ivc bxvfey srovr, rfmsr dy iknfry ‘gurU
gRMQ sfihb’ dI sMpfdnf df kMm arMiBaf igaf. bIV dI ilKfeI vflI ijLmyvfrI BfeI
gurdfs jI nMU sOpI aqy nfl nfl ingrfnI aqy suDfeI afp kIqI. zyVH sfl dI axQWk
imhnq qoN bfd isqMbr sMn 1604
nMU afp jI ny afid bIV nUM mukWml kIqf. AuprMq nvyN iqafr kIqy ‘drbfr sfihb’
ivKy iesdf pihlf pRkfsL krvfky, pihly pfT dI syvf df mfx bfbf buwZf jI nUM
bKLisLaf. cyqy rhy! bfxI df pfT kyvl sihjy sihjy hI kIqf jFdf sI, aKMz pfT qF
bfd dy smyN dI Aupj hY.
ivroDIaf vloN hor
sfjLsLF- sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jIdI
sMpfdnf, gurU drbfr dy ivroDIaF-jnMUnIaF aqy iBRsLt buwDI lokF dI lWk qoVvIN hfr
sI. Auh boKLlf AuTy. sMpfdnf ivc rukfvtf pfAux df koeI vI smF AunHF ny kdy hQoN
nhIN sI jfx idWqf. kfnHy, CjU, pIlU, sLfhhusYn afid aKoqI BgqF nMU Auksf ky
srkfrI sLih qy Byijaf igaf. jLor idqf ik AunHF dIaF rcnfvF vI bfxI sMgRh ivc
sLfml kIqIaF jfx. pfqsfh ny pUrI dlyrI nfl, sWc dI ksvtI qy AunHF rcnfvF nMU
nkfr idWqf. sMgqF nUM BMml BUsy ivc pfAux vfsqy ipRQI cMd dy puwqr myhrbfn qoN
nfnk pd dI vrqoN krvfky byaMq kWcI bfxI dI rcnf vI krvfeI geI. ‘afid gRMQ’
dI sMpfdnf bfry Aul jlUl khfxIaF pRclq kIqIaF geIaF ijsqoN BulyKf pY sky ik ‘afid
gRMQ’ sMpUrn nhIN hn aqy bfxI bfhr CuWt geI hY jF kuJ rcnfvF vfDU drj ho geIaF
hn. duWK qF ies gl df hY ik aj vI anykF kWcy pRcfrk AunHF hI khfxIaF nMU
gurduafrf styjF qoN suxfeI jf rhy hn.
bfl (gurU) hirgoibMd jI nMU mrvfAux dy jwqnf ivc kIqIaF
sfjLsLF kfrx ipRQI cMd nMU BrvIN bdnfmI imlI sI. ieh apxy shury ipMz hyhrI
(lfhOr) ivKy clf igaf. srkfrI asr rsUK kfrx kfPLI jLmIn aqy mdd pRfpq kIqI.
drbfr sfihb dI nkl qy iek ‘dUuKinvfrn’ nF df srovr vI bxvfieaf, AusnMU
sWqjugI qIrQ vI msLhUr kIqf pr dukfn PLylH hoeI.
nksLbMdI islislf
aqy bRfhmxI sfjLsLF- loDI Kfndfn aqy
AusqoN bfd ivc bfbr dy smyN qoN mugLl bfdsLfhF df Jukfa, lgfqfr gurUdrbfr vl
irhf. ieh gurUdr df siqkfr vI krdy sn. muslmfnF df rfj hox kfrx bhuqy muslmfn
Auh vI sn ijhVy isWK qF nhIN sWjy pr rfjdrbfr ivc gurUdr dy pWky sLrDflU sn.
iesdy Ault kWtr pMQI jnMUnI mOlfixaF df ieWk vWzf qwbkf Auh vI rfj Grfxy ivc
mOjUd sI ijnHF nMU gurUdrbfr dI pRPulqf-muslmfn mwq dy PYlfa ivc sB qoN vwzI
rukfvt njLr afAuNdI sI. jLfq-pfq dy mudeI, krmkFzf dI jwkV ivc Psy hoey, buWq
pUjf df isLkfr bRfhmx vrg nMU vI sB qoN vzf Kwqrf gurUdr qoN hI sI. pihly jfmyN
qoN hI ieh lok vfh lgdy srkfrI drbfry isLkfieqF-sfjLsLF, gurUpRvfrF ivc Gus pYT,
lMgrF-sMgqF ivc CyV-CfV ienHF dy rOjL dy kMm sn. akbr smyN bIrbl kfrn ies vrg ny
vI rfjdrbfr ivc apxy lMmy pYr psfr ley sn. bIrbl asl ivc jLfq df bRfhmx sI aqy
joDpur qoN dfj ivc afieaf sI. iesdf aslI nfm mhysLdfs sI. Auhdy-qfkq dy lflc ivc
iesny apxf Drm qF bdl ilaf sI pr mn krky ieh krmkFzI bRfhmx aqy rfjdrbfr ivc
bRfhmxI sfjLsLF df kyNdr sI. sMn 1586,
ipsLfvr ivc ieWk jMg smyN iesdI mOq ho
geI. qd qIk rfjsqf ivc iesny kfPI ibMdU kfiem kr ley sn. bRfhmx vrg aj vI ies df
pUrf pUrf lfB AuTf irhf sI.
akbr dy rfj smyN iek nvF sUPI islislf ‘nksLbMdI’ sMn 1599
ivc Bfrq afieaf. iesdf afgU Kvfjf
muhMmd bfkIibWlf sI. ies islisly df kMMm krn df ZMg rfjsqf ivc GuspYT krky,
srkfrI qfkq nMU ieslfm dy vfDy vfsqy vrqxf aqy hr cMgy-mfVy qrIky muslmfn mwq df
PYlfa sI. Bfrq ivc AunHF nMU apxf srgnf sLyK aihmd srhMdI imilaf. ies rfhIN Auh
rfjdrbfr sLyK PLrId buKfrI qIk pujy. ieh buKfrI rfjpft ivc bfdsLfh df swjf hwQ
sI. akbr dy rfj smyN ienHF dI bhuqI pysL nf geI pr AunHF ny slIm (bfd ivc
jhFgIr) qON ieh vfiedf lY ilaf ik jykr jhFgIr AunHF dy khy anusfr kMm krygf qF
akbr qoN bfd Auh hr hfl jhFgIr nMU hI rfjpft duafAyuxgy. ies qrIky rfjdrbfr
ivcoN kWtrpMQIaF nMU AunHF ny apxy nfl gMZ ilaf.
Drm ivc pRvysL vfsqy, jLbrdsqI jF dbfa dI vrqoN, isWK Drm
iesdf mUloN ivroDI sI. iPr vI ihMdU, muslmfn aqy lokfeI afpxy afp hI isWK Drm
nUM apnfAux vfsqy sBqoN agy sI. iesy leI nkslbMdI islisly dIaF njLrF ivc muslmfn
mwq dy PYlfa vfsqy sB qoN vzI rukfvt isWK Drm hI sI. ies kMm vfsqy rfjsqf ivcoN
rfjsI luwtyiraF, bRfhmxI qfnf-bfnf aqy jnUMnI molfixaF vloN nksLbMdI lihr nUM
BrvIN qfkq pRfpq hoeI. iehI iek lfbI sI ijsnUM gurUdrbfr hr smyN rVkdf sI aqy
pihly pfqsLfh dy smyN qoN hI ieh lfbI lfmbMd huMdI af rhI sI. nksLbMdI lihr ny
mfno ienHF nUM iek sunihrI mOkf pRdfn kr idqf sI. ienHF ivroDIaF ny ipRQI cMd
nMU vI hmysLf apxf ieWk hwQ Tokf bnfky hI vriqaf sI. scfeI qF ieh hY ik jykr
pRvfr ivcoN pRQIcMd vrgf koeI hwQ Tokf nf vI imldf qF kyvl kuJ GtnfvF dI sLkl hI
bdlnI sI. ikAuNik asl kfrx qF nksLbMdI lihr dI mdd kfrx, iesmyN qIk ivroDI lfbI
df pUrI qrHF lfmbMd ho jfxf sI. ipRQI cMd dI moq vI pfqsLfh dI sLhfdq qoN iek
sfl pihlF ho cukI sI.
afiKr Kusro afid vfly bnfvtI dUsLn iqafr krky jhFgIr rfhIN
pfqsLfh nUM bulvfieaf igaf. ieQy sfrf jLor ies gl qy sI jF qF gurdyv afid bIV
ivc AunHF dI mrjLI df vfDf Gftf krn aqy jykr pRcfr hI krnf hY qF muslmfn Drm dy
pRcfrk bxky sfhmxy afAux. pfqsLfh ny AunHF dIaF ieh dovy glF pUrI qrHF TuWkrf
idWqIaF.ies smyN jhFgIr qF sI hI nksLvMdIaF dI kWTpuqlI, apxf vWs nf cldf dyKky
sfrI cIjL, sLyK PLrId buKfrI (hun murqjLf KF) dy hvfly krky afp bMgfl nUM dOV
igaf.
sLhIdI aqy gurgWdI
sOpxf- pfqsLfh jdoN apxI gl qy aizWg
rhy qF mnvfAux dI rWt nUM lYky jhFgIr dy hukm nfl (asl ivc murqjLf KF dy hukm
nfl) cMdU nUM agy krky pfqsLfh nMU aish qsIhy idqy gey. pivqR srIr nUM Aubldy
pfxI ivc aflU dI qrHF Aubfilaf igaf. hyTF awg bfl ky sIs ivc ryq dy kwVCy pfey
gey. jdoN gl hQON bfihr inkl geI qF, lokfeI dy ivroD qoN bcn leI srIr nUM cup
cpIqy rfvI diraf ivc bhf idqf igaf. bhfnf GiVaf igaf-gurU sfihb ny rfvI ivc
iesLnfn dI ieWCf afp pRgt kIqI aqy Ausy ivc alop ho gey . iesqrHF 30
meI sMn 1606
nMU pfqsLfh nUM sLhId kr idqf igaf.
qsIhy BrBUr sLhfdq df
muWK kfrx-afid bIV ivc imlfvt nUM kbUl
nf krnf aqy iesdy sfhmxy apxy prm pivqR ‘gurU srIr’ nUM vI quWC sfibq kr
dyxf- ieh sI sLhfdq df muWK kfrx- cMdU-Kusro, qF kyvl vWkqI bhfny sn. sLhfdq df
ieWqnf vzf pRqIkrm hoieaf ijsnMU shfrn dI ihMmq hkUmq pfs nhIN sI. ‘qujLky
jhFgIrI’ anusfr hkUmq dy ies bfry iqMn Purmfn sn ‘Xfsf dy kfnUn aDIn pMjvyN
siqgurF nMuU sLhId krnf’ dUjf ‘AunHF dy Gr Gft dI kurkI’ aqy qIjf ‘bfl
bWcy nMU kYd krnf’. iesdy Ault sLhfdq AuprMq hkUmq ieWqnI zWgmgfeI ik sfry
Purmfn Dry Drfey rih gey. Xfsf vflI gl vI kyvl ivWgV cuky hflfq nUM pRsMgk dsnf
sI. ieQy hI bs nhIN apxI cmVI bcfAux leI hkUmq vloN ‘pfqsLfh Aupr Kusro dI mdd
df ieljLfm GiVaf igaf. smyN dIaf KojF qoN sfbq ho cukf hY ik pfqsLfh df Kusro
nfl kdy myl hI nhIN sI hoieaf. murqjLf KF ny vI ies kfry vfsqy, gurU drbfr dy
doKI[ cMzfl cONkVI dy kirMdy idvfn cMdU nUM vriqaf. cMdU sLfhI KjLfny ivc iek
mfmUlI ijhf krmcfrI sI. asl ivc ies sfrI GWtnf ivc muK dosLI jhFgIr hI sI. afiKr
bfdsLfh qF AuhI sI smyN df kWTpuqlI bfdsLfh jykr QoVI ihMmq qoN kMm lYNdf qF
ieiqhfs kuJ hor hI huMdf.
sLhfdq qoN iek dMm bfd CyvyN pfqsLfh rfhIN akflbuMgy (mOjUdf
akfl qKq ) dI kfiemI; sMgqF vfsqy juafnIaF aqy sLsqr Bytf lYky afAux dy
hukmnfmy; jhFgIr rfhIN cMdU nUM sjLf vfsqy lfhOr dIaF sMgqF dy hvfly krnf; sMgqF
hQoN cMdU nUM qsIhy dyky mfrnf; jhFgIr vloN CyvyN pfqsLfh nfl sulfh leI
Auqfvlfpn aqy pfqsLfh nfl aMimRqsr pujky psLcfqfp-ieh sB glF ieiqhfs dI iblkul
bdlI hoeI qsvIr nUM pysL krdIaF hn. iesdy nfl ies gl nUM vI spsLt kr dyxf
cfhuMdy hF ik aMqrjfmI siqgurF ny apxy lfhOr cln qoN pihlF hI gurgWdI dI
ijLmyvfrI apxy ieklOqy spuqR 11
sfl dy hirgoibMd jI nUM sONp idqI sI.
isWtf ieh ik ieh mhfn sLhfdq nksLbMdI lihr aqy jnUMnI qfkqF
dI boKLlfht df nqIjf sI. pr iksy vI hIly nf qF Auh isWK lihr nMU dbf sky, aqy nf
hI afid bIV ivc koeI imlfvt hI ho skI. ivroD nMU TMzf krn vfsqy aqy lokfeI dI
soc bdlx vfsqy, Kusro dI mdd jF cMdU-rfvI iesLnfn vflIaf glF qF kyvl vWkqI
sLosLy sn. iesdy Ault jnMUnIaF dIaF ienHF iGnfAuxIaF krqUqF df isWtf, jhFgIr aqy
AusdI hkUmq nMU keI pfpV vylny pey qfik AunHF dI sFJ gurUdr nfl iPr qoN bx afvy
aqy sMgqF dy ivroD qoN vI bicaf jf sky. ies pUry vyrvy vfsqy gurmWq pfT nM: 70
‘qWQ sLhIdI dy’ piVHaf aqy sYNtr pfsoN lfgq mfqr Bytf qy mMgvf ky sMgqF ivc
vMzx vfsqy bynqI hY jI. 037s87.3s030
Including this Gurmat Lesson
"gurU arjn sfihb"
gurmat Lesson No 37
For all the Gurmat Lessons written by ‘Principal Giani Surjit Singh’ Sikh
Missionary, Delhi, all the rights are reserverd with the writer, but easily
available for Distribution within ‘Guru Ki Sangat’ with an intention of
Gurmat Parsar, at quite a nominal printing cost i.e. mostly Rs 200/- to 300/-
but in rare cases Rs 4 or 500/-per hundred copies (+P&P.Extra) From ‘Gurmat
Education Centre, Delhi’, Postal Address- J-IV/46- II Fl. Old D/Storey
Lajpat Nagar-4 New Delhi-110024 Ph. 91-11-26487315
web site- www.gurbaniguru.com
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