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aKOqI jQydfr qy isMG sfihbfn
crnjIq isMG
bwl
ipCly kuJ smyN qoN iswKL jgq
dy Dfrimk nyqfvF aqy sMsQfvF pRqI bhuq mMdBfgy smfcfr pVHn sunx ivc afey hn.
vqnoN dUr-durfzy bYTy iek iswKL prvfsI vfsqy inrxf krnf aOKf hY ik BfeI mnjIq
isMG nUM jQydfrI qoN kwZxf shI hY jF nhIN pr iek gwl inscy nfl khI skdI hY ik
ijwnF icr aKOqI jQydfrF aqy isMG sfihbfnF dI inXukqI dy inXm nhIN bxfey jFdy
AunF icr BfeI joigMdr isMG ivdFqI (ivdFq mwqIaf), BfeI jsbIr isMG rozy, BfeI
rxjIq isMG, BfeI pUrn isMG afid vrgy ivvfd-gRsq jQydfr bxdy irhxgy. ijwnF icr
iehnF dI ivdvqf, Xogqf aqy inXukqI dy smyN pRqI inXm inscq nhIN kIqy jFdy AunF
icr iswKL pMQ nUM iswKLI jIvn dI shI syD imlx dI afs nhIN kIqI jf skdI.
BfeI joigMdr isMG ivdFqI, jo guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6, ijs ivc gurU
sfihbfn nUM BMg pIx dy afdI, mUrqI pUj, qIrQ XfqrI, afid aqy iesqRI nUM nrk dI
iKVkI dwisaf hY, nMU sMpfdq krky, sLRomxI kmytI qoN pRkfsLq krvf ky iswKL pMQ
nUM BrmfAux aqy pwlIaF vfly blfqkfr sfD DMvnq isMG nUM dMz qoN mukq krn df dosLI
hY. BfeI pUrn isMG Auwqy sLRomxI kmytI dI jLmIn Auwqy kbjLf krn aqy qrn qfrn ivc
iewky smyN do QfeIN pfT krn dy pYsy lYx df dosL hY. ieh BfeI aigafnqf-vs, ihMdU
imiQhfs df pRymI iswKLF nUM lv, kusL dI aMsL hox df hokf vI idMdf hY. iehnF
aKOqI isMG sfihbfnF aqy idwlI ivc tfier corI dy dosLI BfeI rxjIq isMG, (puwqr
sMqf/bMqf isMG, sI: 68, jgqpurI, pI: E: ikRsLn ngr, nvIN idwlI, aYP: afeI afr
nMbr 1053, 23 04 78) qoN iswK pMQ nUM shI syD dI kI afs ho skdI hY?
ijMnF icr iswKL jgq nUM syD dyx vflIaF pdvIaF dI syvf BfeI
joigMdr isMG ivdFqI, BfeI rxjIq isMG aqy BfeI pUrn isMG vrigaF dI QF inrpwK,
insLkfm, inrmfx, gMBIr, Xog aqy sUJvfn iswKL ivdvfn nhIN sMBfldy AunF icr gurU
nfnk dI iswKLI dI cVHdI klf nhIN ho skdI . sgoN kyNdrI aqy sQfnk gurDfmF ivc,
lMgr dy ivsLy Auwqy (srI, kYnyzf) aqy hirmMdr sfihb ivKy sLRomxI Kflsf pMcfieq
aqy iswKL stUizMt PyzrysLn qy sLRomxI kmytI ivcfly zFgF qlvfrF nfl hoeIaF JVpF
vrgIaF durGtnfvF vfprdIaF rihxgIaF. iswKL gurU sfihbfn ny anmwqIaF dy durkfry
hoey inmfxy smfjk aMsLF nUM sUeI vFg rMg-brMgI srb-sFJI iswKLI dI PulkfrI ivc
pRoqf sI, ijs nUM gurU kfl qoN mgroN dMBI gurUaF, pKMzI sfDF sMqF, mhMqF aqy
ajoky jQydfrF qy isMG sfihbfnF ny nUM kYNcI vFg vwK vwK zyiraF, tksflF, dlF,
jiQaF, DiVaF, afid ivc kqr ky lIro-lIr kr idwqf hY.
bhuigxqI dMBI gurUaF, pKMzI sfDF, sMqF dy zyiraF ivc qF icrF
qoN hI gurmiq aqy gurmrXfdf dy Gfx, TwgI, iBRsLtfcfr aqy blfqkfr bfry pVHdy
suxdy afey hF pr hux iswKL mUl Dfrf dy kyNdrI aqy sQfnk gurDfmF dy pRbMDkF,
gRMQIaF, isMG sfihbfnF, jQydfrF, afid AuWqy vI iehI dUsLx lwg rhy hn. isMGfsxF
Auwqy brfjmfn rihx dy rJyvyN kfrn iehnF kolL gurbfxI dI qrjmfnI krky iswKL jgq
nUM syD dyx df nf smF hY, aqy nf hI bhu igxqI awDpVH qy gurbfxI igafn-hIxqf kfrn
qrjmfnI krn dI Xogqf hY.
"rfjnIqI qy suafrQ iswDI dy afDfr qy KVf ieh (pRbMDkI) ZFcf,
gurmiq pRcfr dy iblkul anukUl nhIN hY. sMgq dI bhu-igxqI Coty Coty Dfrimk DiVaF
ivc vMzI peI hY. aOr kuC ivakqIgq gurUaF dy cwkr ivc PsI hoeI hY."
ig: sMq isMG mskIn, dysL-ivdysL dy gurdUafiraF df pRbMDkI ZFcf
aqy pRcfrk sLryxI "hkIkq ieh hY ik gurduafiraF ivc gurmiq dI gwl nhIN ho rhI,
rfjnIqI cwl rhI hY. pRcfrk qy rfgI sLRyxI vI mfieaf dy cwkr ivc PsI peI hY." ig:
cyq isMG, sfbkf muwK gRMQI drbfr sfihb, ijwnF icr iswKL jgq nUM ieh boD nhIN
huMdf ik iswKLI srb-sFJI aqy igafn df Drm hY aqy ies ivc gurU sfihbfn ny kyvl
ivdvfn pRcfrk dI hI QF rwKI hY, dMBI gurUaF, pKMzI sfDF sMqF, mhMqF, aKOqI isMG
sfihbfnF, jQydfrF afid dI nhIN, AunF icr bhuigxqI iswKL shI iswKL mfrg qoN
kurfhy pfey jFdy rihxgyy. iswKL mfrg dy pFDI (iswKL) nUM ieh boD vI jLrUrI hY ik
pRBU prfpqI leI gurU (gRMQ sfihb) qoN ibnf iksy hor dI ivcolgI dI loV nhIN hY.
hF gurU gRMQ sfihb dI qrjmfnI krn vfly ivdvfn pRcfrkF dI loV hY. pr gurU kfl qoN
mgroN ies sLRyxI dI iswK jgq ivc hmysLF Gft rhI hY. gRMQI, rfgI, ZfzI, kQfkfr,
afid vI gurU sfihb dy muK vfk "rotIaF kfrn pUry qfl" vflLf DMdf hI krdy hn.
"idsLfhIx qy isrP AupjIvkf nUM mwuK rwK ky cwl irhf pRcfrk ZFcf
pRcfr dy sMbMD ivc asPl hY." sMq isMG mskIn, Auprokq pusqk gurU sfihbfn smyN
gurDfm df pd Drmsfl, Bfv Drm kmfx df asQfn, pRclq sI, ijwQy aMimRqmeI gur-sLbd
df prvfh cldf sI . sMn 1604 ivc gurU arjn dyv jI ny gurU sfihbfn aqy ihMdU BgqF
qy muslmfn pIrF dIaF iswKLI anukUl bfxIaF df sMgRih poQI sfihb dy srUp ivc kIqf.
iswKLI dy ivsLysL sMklp �bfxI gurU, gurU hY bfxI� nUM idRV krn leI ies poQI
sfihb, Bfv gur-sLbd nUM afpxy nfloN vwD snmfinaF. dsmysL gurU goibMd isMG jI ny
�gurU mfinAu gRMQ� dy afdysL duafrf iesy sMklp nUM ivsLysL iswKLI isDFq bxf
idwqf. gurbfxI anusfr gurDfm dI mihmf gurU, Bfv gur-sLbd dy prvfh sdkf hI
hY.
poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]
sfDsMig gfvih gux goibMd pUrn bRhm igafnu ]1] rfgu sfrMg[ m: 5, pnF
1226
arQ:- poQI Bfv gurbfxI prmfqmf dy imlfp dI QF hY. ijhVy mnuwK gurU dI sMgiq
ivc rih ky prmfqmf dy gux gFdy hn, Auh Aus nfl zUMGI sFJ pf lYNdy
hn.
Qfnu suhfvf pivqu hY ijQY
sMq sBf ] ZoeI iqs hI no imlY ijin pUrf gurU lBf ] isrI rfgu, m: 5, pnF
44 arQ:- ijwQy gurU dI hjLUrI ivc sMgq juV
bYTdI hY, Auh QF suhfvxI aqy pivqR hY. ijs nUM pUrn gurU lwB pYNdf hY Aus nUM hI
(prmfqmf dI drgfhy) ZoeI imldI hY. ijQY jfie bhY myrf siqgurU so Qfnu suhfvf rfm rfjy ] gurisKI so Qfnu
Bfilaf lY DUir muiK lfvf ] rfgu afsf, m: 4, pnF 450 Gr mMdr htnfly sohy ijsu
ivic nfmu invfsI rfm ] sMq Bgq hir nfmu arfDih ktIaY jm kI PfsI rfm ] rfgu sUhI,
mhlf 5[ pwnF 783
smyN dy cwkr nfl Drmsfl df pd gurduafrf ho igaf aqy gurduafiraF
df pRbMD AudfsIaF, inrmilaF, mhMqF, pujfrIaF, srbrfhF, afid dy hwQF ivc afAuNdf
igaf. anmwqIaF dy Dfrimk asQfnQ vFgUM ivlwKx iswKLI dy Drm kmfAux dy asQfnF ivc
vI gurmiq, gurmrXfdf aqy gurbfxI dy pRcfr dI QF mnmiq, aMDivsLvfsI sMskfrF aqy
gur iblfsF, dsm gRMQ, afid dIaF imiQhfsk rcnfvF dy pRcfr df pRvfh cwl ipaf .
gurDfmF ivc vI BolLy sLrDflUaF nUM BrmfAux aqyy Twgx dy sMskfrF df DMdf cwl
ipaf. mhMq gurDfmF nUM jwdI jiedfdF smJx lwg pey aqy gurDfmF dIaF jgIrF dI mflkI
afpxy nfm krvfAux lwg pey, jo iswK sLRDflUaF dy cVHfvy injI awXfsLI leI vrqdy sn
jF sky-sMbMDIaF aqy imqRF nUM vMz idMdy sn. mhMq nrYx dfs ny nnkfxf sfihb df gur
nfnk duafrf TwgI, guMzfgrdI aqy blfqkfr df awzf bxf rwiKaf sI, ijwQy idn idhfVy
mfsUm iswKL sLrDflU bwcIaF smyq bIbIaF dI iejLq luwtI jFdI sI.
iswK jgq ny Auprokq aMDivsLvfsI krmkFzF, BAu BrmF, aiswKL
sMskfrF, rsmF, aqy rvfjF dy pRBfv qoN Cutkfrf qF kI pfAuxf sI, sgoN kuC ihwsf
dMBI gurUaF, pKMzI sfDF, sMqF, nIm-hkIm Dfrimk TwgF, afid dy JFsy ivc afAuNdf
gieaf. iswKLI ivcfrDfrf aqy gurbfxI qwq igafn-hIx bhu-igxqI lfeI-lwg iswKL Auwqm
iswKLI df mfrg Cwz ky mwkfrF dy awizaF vwl vhIrf Gwqx lwg pey. smyN dy nflL nflL
iehnF awizaF df gfVH vDdf vDdf pMjfb kI sfry Bfrq dy sLihrF ivc psr igaf.
dMBI gurUaF dIaF cftiraF ipwCy vhIrF:
gurbfxI aqy gurmiq qF pRBU pRfpqI dy mfrg dy pFDI, iswK nUM
gurU (sLbd) gRihx krn nUM pRyrdI hY pr dMBI gurU bfibaF, pKMzI sfDF, sMqF ny
lfeI-lwg cftiVaF dI Bfl ivc vhIrF Gq ky iswKLF dI vDyry igxqI vflLy ivdysLI
sLihrF ivc vI TwgI dy awzy KolH ley hn. iehnF ivcoN hI nfnksr nfl sMbMDq amr
isMG bVUMdI nfmIN mhF pKMzI Twg hY, ijs dy kYnyzf, ieMglYNz, amYirkf,
afsitRylIaf, afid ivc, TwgI dy awzy hn. Aus ny rojLivwl, kYlIPornIaF, amYirkf dy
hrdyv isMG sLyrigwl qoN koeI 3 lwK zflr dI jfiedfd bxvf ky DoKy nfl kbjLf kr
ilaf. BfeI sLyrigwl ny ieh jfiedfd mkwdmyN rfhIN Cuzf ky hux gurdvfrf asQfpq
kIqf hoieaf hY. ies sfD ny srI, kYnyzf dI suirMdr kOr iswDU qoN Aus df jMqR mMqR
rfhIN kYNsr df ielfj krn df JfsF dy ky lwKF hI zflrF dI jLmIn Twg leI, jo ik
suirMdr kOr dI bytI qyj kOr ny mukdmyN rfhIN Cuzf leI. ies mukdmyN df Krcf
155,000 zflr aqy jLmIn dy ihsfb ikqfb df 172,000 zflr vI ies sfD dy isr pY
igaf.
iek pMjfbn muitafr dI duKFq BrI gfQf anusfr ies sfD ny Aus nUM
imlbOrn, afsitRlIaf ilaf ky Aus nfl blfqkfr kIqf. Aus muitafr df kihxf hY ik keI
hor ablf vI ies kptI sfD dI hvs df isLkfr hoeIaF hn. iswK ivdvfnF aqy ivdysLI
gurdvfiraF ivc kursIaF myjLF Auwqy lMgr Ckx vfilaF ivruD hukmnfmyN Czx vfly
aKOqI jQydfr rxjIq isMG nUM mRsyzIjL ibMjL kfr aqy 51,000 ruey dyx vfly ies
blfqkfr, Twg sfD qoN joigMdr isMG ivdFqI, avqfr isMG ihwq, jQydfr qlvMzI,
gurbKsL isMG mwlHI afid vI BytfvF aqy/jF sMmfnqf lYx dy dosLI hn.(vyKo iswKL
buwiltn, akqUbr �01, PrvrI �03)
Drmsfl DVvfeI vsdy, Tfkr dvfry Tg. ivc msIq ko sIqy rihMdy, afsLk rihx alwg.
sfeI buwly sLfh
sRI isMG sfihb, BfeI sfihb hrBjn isMG Kflsf XogI jI, jo ik
iswKL Drmf bRdRhuz aqy 3 aYc E, kYlIPornIaf dy ieko-iek AuiPswr aqy zfirktr hn,
Auwqy Aus dIaF gorI cylIaF kYQrIn PYlt aqy pRymkf kOr vwloN albUkRk, inXU
mYksIko, amYirkf dy kort ivc isvl aYksLn nMbr �0893 aYc bI� aqy �86-0838 aYm�
ivc lfey dUsLxF ivcoN GMBIr dUsLx, (vyKo iswKL buwiltn, PrvrI 2003)
1)XogI ny dwisaf sI ik Aus ny dirMdRf brHmcfrI koloN 22 sfl qFqRk isiKaf leI,
jdoN ik ies ny Aus koloN kuC idnF dI hI isiKaf leI sI. 2) iek mhF-qMqRk XogI
ny sn 1971 ivc Aus nUM qMqRk df pd pRdfn kIqf aqy gwdI df vfrs bxfieaf sI, jo ik
JUT hY. 3) Bjn dIaF asQfpq kIqIaF hoeIaF �3 aYc E� aqy �iswKL Drmf bRdRhuz�
sMsQfvF iek vwzI gT-joV kIqI hoeI cfl df aMg hY. ieh insLkfm sMsQfvF hox dI QF
Bjn ny hvs, mfieaf, jfiedfd, cODr aqy vwizafeI hfsl krn leI hwQ Tokf bxfeIaF
hoeIaF hn. 4) Aus (cylI) ny Bjn nUM hjLfrF zflr iswDy aqy sMsQf dI rfhIN
BfsLx, iesqRI kYNp ivc rihx, dsvMD, Drm-arQ, vjoN idwqy hn, pr ieh muwdeI aqy
hornf nUM Twgx df ZMg sI. 5) jUn 1978 qoN PrvrI 1985 dy smyN mudweI nfl
blfqkfr, gudf-sMBog, Auwqy mUqxf, afid vrgIaF durGtnfvF vfprIaF. 6) Bjn vwloN
mudweI Auwqy kIqy pihly blfqkfrI hwly qoN pihlF Auh sqvMqI sI aqy Auh ivafh qk
sqvMqI rihxf cfhuMdI sI. 7) keI vfrIN blfqkfr hwilaF smyN Bjn dI mdd aMimRq
kOr aqy gur kI krdIaF sn.
pRymkf kOr vwloN XogI Auwqy Pryb aqy mwkfrI dy lfey dUsLx:
1) muwdeI nUM nf dwsxf ik Bjn dy sLrDflU iesqRIaF nfl kfmk sMbMD
hn. 2) JUT dsxf ik Bjn hmysLF pqnI-vrqf sI aqy muwdeI nUM imlx qoN pihlF
bRhmcfrI sI. 3) Aus ny JUT dwisaf ik Aus ny afpxy afp nUM pivqr krn leI cfr
sfl hirmMdr dy PrsL Doqy sn. 4) muwdeI nUM dwisaf ik Auh Aus dI pRmkf aqy
rUhfnI pqnI hY, jo Aus (Bjn) nfl ivvfhk ivhfr krky mnuwKqf dI syvf dI suBfgn hY.
jy Auh ieh syvf inBfvy, qF Bjn Aus dI sfrI Aumr dyK-Bfl krygf. 5) Bjn iqn
jIvn jI irhf hY, ies leI Aus dI hr smyN syvf hoxI cfhIdI hY aqy Aus dIaF kfmk
aqy jjLbfqI loVF muwdeI smyq sLrDflUaF nUM pUrIaF krnIaF pYxIaF hn. 6) Bjn
kol krfmqk sLkqI df vr hY ijs duafrf Auh ivakqI dy Bfg aqy BivK dws aqy bdl skdf
hY. Bjn ny muwdeI nUM dwisaf ik Aus ny apfhj aqy pfgl ho ky jIvn pfglKfny
bqfAuxf hY. Aus nUM bcx df ZMg iehI hY ik Auh Aus df hukm mMny aqy iswiKLaf
igRhx kry. 7) 1971 qoN Bjn dwsdf irhf hY ik Aus nU aMimRqsr dI pRbMDk sMsQf
(sLromxI kmytI) ny sRI isMG sfihb inXukq kIqf hY aqy ieh pd pwCmI KMz dy vsnIk
iswKLF dy prmuK Dfrimk afgU df hY. swc qF ieh hY ik Bjn nUM ieh pdvI imlI hI
nhIN, nf hI iswKL Drm ivc iksy sMsQf kol ieh pd dyx df aiDkfr hY aqy nf hI iswKL
Drm ivc iedF df koeI pd hY. Bfrq dy iswKLF ivc sRI isMG sfihb Dfrimk mhwqf vflf
pd nhIN hY, kyvl iek dUjy nUM afdr sihq sMboDn krn df ZMg hY. 8) Aus ny
amYirkf afAux qoN pihlF keI sfl iek iswKL sMq qoN iswKL Drm dI ividaf prfpq kIqI
sI aqy iswKLI isDFqF qy mrXfdf dI iswiKLaf vI prfpq kIqI sI. swc qF ieh hY Aus
ny iedF dI koeI pVHfeI kIqI hI nhIN sI aqy nf hI Auh iswKL gurbfxI (pMjfbI) pVH,
ilK skdf sI. amYirkf afAux qoN pihlF Aus ny kdI gurbfxI pVHI hI nhIN sI. 9)
nvMbr 1968 qoN nvMbr 1984 dy smyN muwdeI nfl lgfqfr blfqkfr huMdf irhf. 10)
Bjn avqfr hY, Bfv prmfqmf ny Aus dy jfmy ivc jnm ilaf hY.
aKOqI isMG sfihbfn qy jQydfrF df iswkf:
iswKL mUlDfrf dy kyNdrI gurDfmF df pRbMD AudfsIaF, inrmilaF,
mhMqF, pujfrIaF, srbrfhF, afid dy hwQF ivcoN dI huMdf hoieaf ajoky isMG sihbfnF
aqy jQydfrF, jo ik bhu-igxqI zyiraF dI Aupjq hn, dy hwQF ivc af igaf. afpxy afp
nUM ieh gurU pMQ dy dfs qy iswKL Drm dy syvfdfr dwsx vfly ajoky isMG sfihbfn aqy
jQydfr iswKLI kyNdrI gurDfmF Bfv pRBU dI pRmf-BgqI aqy aMimRqmeI gurbfxI dy
pRcfr dy soimaF nUM iBafnk asQfn aqy hAuaf rUpI jQydfrF aqy isMG sfihbfnF dy
isMGfsx bxfx ivc Kicq hn. iehnF dI socxI, kQnI aqy krnI DUqy iswKLF nUM BYBIq
krky afpxf iswkf jmfAux qk hI simq hY.
ipCly sfl (sMn 2002) 23-24 jnvrI ivc vYtIkn, ietlI ivc hoey srb
Drm smyln ivc ihwsf lYx mgroN prqy BfeI joigMdr isMG ivdFqI ny kyNdr srkfr qoN
mMg kIqI sI ik "aMimRqsr nUM vYtIkn df drjf idwqf jfvy. aqy akfl qKLq dy jQydfr
dI mhfn pdvI dy aiDkfrI nUM pop vFgUM cux ky (iswKLF df pop) inXukq kIqf jfvy."
jF qF BfeI ivdFqI nUM boD hI nhIN ik ivlwKx iswKLI ivc romn kYQilk mq vFg pRIst,
kfrzInl, pop, afid dI QF hI nhIN hY, jF iPr ieh jfx buJ ky kfrj iswDI leI lokF
nUM Brmf rhy hn.
hirmMdr sfihb, swc KMz qy sRI akfl qKLq dy pd gurU sfhbfn dy
pRdfn kIqy hoey nhIN hn. gurbfxI ivc jF BfeI gurdfs aqy BfeI nMd lfl dIaF rcnfvF
ivcoN ieh pd pVHn nUM nhIN imldy . ieh dsm gRMQ, gur iblfs, sUrj pRkfsL, bMsfvlI
nfmy, pMQ pRkfsL, afid aKOqI gRMQF dy iswKLI ivroDI kuitl gumnfm jF aMDivsLvfsI
aKOqI iswKL kvIaF dIaF rcnfvF aqy rfgIaF, ZfzIaF, pRcfrkF, afd dy pRcfr df iswtf
hY. hirmMdr, swc KMz aqy akfl qKLq dy pd pVHn suunx nfl gurbfxI qwq igafn-hIx,
iswKLI ivcfrDfrf, sMklpF aqy gurmiq qoN axjfx iswKL nUM suBfivk hI BulyKf pYNdf
hY ik srb ivafpk akfl purK df kyvl iehI mMdr, swc KMz aqy qKLq hY. gurbfxI iehnF
KUh dy zwzU vfly hoCy sMklpF df KMzn krdI hY aqy �akfl purK isRsLtI dy sfry KMzF
bRihmMzF aqy Gt Gt ivc ivafp hY� df hokf idMdI hY.
alhu eyku msIiq bsqu hY avru
mulKu iksu kyrf ] ihMdU mUriq nfm invfsI duh mih qqu n hyrf ]1] rfgu pRBfqI,
kbIr jI, pnF 1349 sc KMiz vsY inrMkfru ] kir kir vyKY ndir inhfl ] iqQY
KMz mMzl vrBMz ] jy ko kQY q aMq n aMq ] iqQY loa loa afkfr ] ijv ijv hukmu
iqvY iqv kfr ] vyKY ivgsY kir vIcfru ] nfnk kQnf krVf sfru ]37] jpu jI, pMnF
8 Gt Gt mY hir jU bsY sMqn kihE pukfir ] khu nfnk iqh Bju mnf BAu iniD Auqrih
pfir ]12]sLlok mhlf 9, pnF 1427
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