iswKL agvfeI ZFcf

crnjIq isMG bwl

gurU nfnk dyv jI dy afgmn smyN ihMdU pujfrI sLRyxI Bfv bRfhmx vrn ny smfj nUM imiQhfsk avqfrvfd, aMDivsLvfsI mUrqI pUjf, qIrQ Xfqrf, nrk/surg, pfp/pun, dfn/dwCxf, AUc/nIc, afid dy gorK DMdy ivc pfieaf hoieaf sI. kwtVvfdI muslmfn kfjLI/muwlF sLRyxI, ijs nUM srkfrI sLih sI, smuwcy smfj nUM muslmfnI sLrHf dy bMDnF ivc jkV ky rKx ivc jqnsLIl sI.

muslmfnf isPiq srIaiq piV piV krih bIcfru ]

bMdy sy ij pvih ivic bMdI vyKx kAu dIdfru ]

ihMdU sflfhI sflfhin drsin rUip apfru ]

qIriQ nfvih arcf pUjf agr vfsu bhkfru ] afsf dI vfr pnF 465

arQ;-muslmfnF df XkIn hY ik awlf dI isPq sflh sLrh duarf hI ho skdI hY aqy pVH pVH ky ivcfr krdy hn ik jo awlf df iddfr krn leI sLrh dy bMdn ivc pYNdy hn AyuhI DrmI bMdy hn. ihMdU sflfhux-Xog apfr rUpI hrI dy drsLn ihq (sLfsqRF duarf) sflfhuMdy hn, qIrQF qy nHfAuNdy hn, mUrqI awgy Bytf rwKdy aqy cMdn afid dIaF sugMDIaF duarf pUjf krdy hn.

ihMdU pujfrIvfd aqy muslm kwtVvfd nUM apRvfn kridaF gurU nfnk dyv jI ny aduwqI iswKL Drm df pRfrMB kIqf, ijs ivc gurU sfihb ny pujfrI sLRyxI dI koeI QF nhIN rwKI ikAuNik ies inrfly pMQ df pFDI Bfv iswKLI Dfrimk, smfijk aqy rfjnIqk jIvn dI syD gurU sbd qoN lY skdf hY. pr hr ieh iswKL afpxy afp ieh syD lYx dy smrQ nhIN hY ies leI gurbfxI dI qrjmfnI krn vfly igafnI prcfrkF dI vsLysL QF hY.

pihly cfr gurU sfihbfn afpxI aqy pUrv-gurU sfihbfn dI bfxI duafrf iswKL jgq nUM Dfrimk aqy smfijk agvfeI pRdfn krdy sn. pMjvyN gurU arjn dyv jI ny pUrv-gurU sfihbfn dIaF bfxIaF aqy ihMdU BgqF qy muslmfn pIrF dIaF iswKLI mUl ivcfrDfrf ankUl bfxIaF df sMigRh poQI dy rUp ivc kr ky iswKLI jIvn dI syD df sroq invyklf kr idwqf. aqy ies poQI duafrf iswKLI dy mUl sMklp �sLbd-gurU� nUM pRclq kr idwqf.

jhFgIr hwQoN gurU arjn dyv jI dI sLhIdI kfrn gurU hir goibMd jI ny iswKLI aqy iswKF dy afriQk, smfijk, rfjsI aqy mnuwKI aiDkfrF dI rfKI aqy AunqI vjoN hirmMdr sfihb dy smUh ivc QVy dI sfjxf kIqI. Aus QVy ivKy gurU sfihb brfjmfn ho ky iswKF dy afriQk aOkVF aqy smfjk duwK suxdy aqy inivRqI dy sfDn pRdfn krdy. kwtV pMQI Dfrimk jQybMdIaF aqy awiqafcfrI srkfrI qfkqF dy mfrU hwilaF qoN iswKI aqy iswK kOm dI rwiKaf vjoN AuQy hI sYnk klf aqy KyzF dy mukfbly vI krvfAuNdy. smF pf ky ies QVy df nfm akfl buMgf pY igaf jo ik sMn 1920 qk pRclq irhf.

sMn 1628 ivc ipplI sfihb ivKy gurU hir goibMd sfihb dI agvfeI hyT iswKF aqy muKils KF dI agvfeI hyT muglF dI lVfeI hoeI ijs ivc iswKLF dI ijq hoeI. sMn 1630 gurU hir goibMd sfihb aMimRqsr qoN krqfrpur cly gey. ies qoN mgroN iksy vI gurU sfihb ny hirmMdr smUh ivc invfs nhIN kIqf.

dsmysL gurU jI ny 30 mfrc 1699 dI ivsfKI nUM pMjF ipafiraF dI prMprf afrMB ky inaFkfrI lokrfjI rfjnIqk sMklp nUM isDFq bxf idwqf aqy 6 akqUbr 1708 nUM �sLbd-gurU� dy sMklp nUM �gurU mfinAu gRMQ� dy afdysL duafrf isDFq bxf idwqf.

gurU sfihbfn dy adysLF aqy iswKLI mUl sMklpF aqy isDFqF dy Ault gurU-kfl mgroN bhuq smF iswKL pMQ dI agvfeI pujfrIvfdI aqy zyrfvfdI sLRYxIaF hwQ hI rhI hY. smyN smyN isMG sBf, gurduafrf suDfr, afid lihrF ny ienHF sLRYxIaF qoN iswKL pMQ nUM Cutkfrf idvfAux pRqI sMGrsL kIqy hn pr iswty vjoN pMQ dI afgU sLRYxI dy nfm hI bdldy rhy hn, agvfeI sLRYxI dI socxI, kQnI aqy krnI ivc koeI suDfr nhIN ho sikaf. sLROmxI gurdvfrf pRbMDk kmytI aqy akflI dl dy hoNd ivc afAux qoN mgroN mhMqF, pujfrIaF, afid dI QF pujfrIvfdI jQydfrF aqy isMG sfihbfnF, jo ik bhu-igxqI zyrfvfd dI Aupj hn, ny sFB leI hY.

purfqn smyN qoN hI pujfrIvfdI Dfrimk afgU sLRyxI ies qwQ qoN BlI prkfr jfxU rhI hY ik aMDivsLvfs aqy aMnHI sLrDf vs sLrDflUaF nUM sOKf BY-BIq kIqf aqy Brmfieaf jf skdf hY. gurU-kfl mgroN iswKL pMQ dI hr afgU sLRyxI vI iehI mUl mMqr vrqdI rhI hY. iesy mMqr aDIn iswKL kyNdrF dy aMnIH sLrDf AujfAu nfm �hirmMdr�, �akfl qKq�, �swc KMz�, afid pRclq kIqy gey. ienHF nfvF aqy gurU gRMQ dIaF bfxIaF dy ipCokV ivc sLbd �sfihb� dI vrqoN pRclq kIqI geI. gurU sLbd, muKvfk, bcn, AupdysL, afdysL, afid nUM �hukmnfmf� df pd dy idwqf igaf. ieh nfm aqy pd, jo ik gurbfxI jF gurU-kfl dIaF smkflI rcnfvF ivc nhIN imldy, imiQhfsk jnm sfKIaF, dsm gRMQ, gur iblfs, pMQ pRkfsL, sUrj pRkfsL, bMsfvlInfmf, afid ivcoN ley gey hn. hirmMdr aqy qKq sLbd gur iblfs pfqsLfhI 6, aiDafie 5, pnF 121-122 qy aMkq hn.

Aukq gur iblfs, ijs ivc gurU sfihbfn nUM avqfrvfdI, dyvI pUj, BMg pIx dy afdI, prpMcI, afid drsfieaf igaf hY, gumnfm kvI anusfr sfvn, sMmq 1775 (sMn 1718) dI rcnf hY. ies kUVI imiQhfsk rcnf nUM ig: joigMdr isMG vydFqI aqy zf: amrjIq isMG ny sMpfidq krky sLRomxI kmytI qoN jUn sMn 1998 ivc pRkfsLk krvfieaf sI. jQy: tOhrf, jQy: mnjIq isMG, jQy: kyvl isMG, ig: sMq isMG mskIn, Bf: mnjIq isMG klkqf, Bf: rxjIq isMG, Bf: suKdyv isMG BOOor, afid smyq pMQ dy 13 rqnF ny ies kUVI rcnf dI pRsMsf kIqI sI. s: gurbKsL isMG kflf aPgfnf vwloN ies df alocnfqmk ivsLlysLx pRkfsLqk krn aqy ivdvfnF smyq iswKL jgq vwloN inKyDI krn kfrn sLRomxI kmytI ny ies dI ibkrI qy rok lf idwqI, jo ik Buwl svIkfrn qul hY. vydFqI ny bdly vjoN 10 julfeI 2003 nUM sL: kflf aPgfnf nUM pMQ ivcoN Cyk idwqf.

sLbd hirmMdr aqy akfl qKq pVH sux ky suqy hI sDfrn mnuwK nUM ivsLvfs bJdf hY ik kyvl iehI hrI df mMdr aqy akfl purK df qKq hY. pr iswKLI ivcfrDfrf aqy gurbfxI pRqI QoVI vI jfnkfrI rwKx vflf jfxdf hY ik ieh iswKLI sMklpF aqy isDFqF dy Ault hY ikAuik gurbfxI ies aMDivsLvfsI ivcfr df KMzn krdI hY.

alhu eyku msIiq bsqu hY avru mulKu iksu kyrf ] ihMdU mUriq nfm invfsI duh mih qqu n hyrf ]1] alh rfm jIvAu qyry nfeI ] qU kir imhrfmiq sfeI ]1] rhfAu ] dKn dyis hrI kf bfsf piCim alh mukfmf ] idl mih Koij idlY idil Kojhu eyhI TAur mukfmf ]2]pnW 1349-11, pRBfqI, Bgq kbIr jI

arQ:-jy alh kyvl msIq (kfhby) ivc vsdf hY qF bfkI mulk iks df (hoieaf)? ihMdU dI mnOq hY ik Bgvfn df invfs mUrqI ivc hY. dovF ny Byd nhIN pfieaf (ik pRmfqmf srb ivafpk hY).1. alh, rfm, myry qy imhr kr, mYN qyrf nfm ismr ky (Auwcf afqmk jIvn) jIvF .rhfAu. (ihMdU df ivsLvfs hY ik) hrI df vfsf dwKx (jgn nfQ purI) ivc hY, . (muslmfn df XkIn hY ik) alh df mukfm pwCm (kfhby) ivc hY. (pr hy pRfxI kyvl) idl ivc hI rb nUM Koj (ikAyNik) eyhI Aus (alh, hrI df) df mukfm (mMdr) hY

lLogf, Brim n Bulhu BfeI] Kfilku Klk, Klk mih Kfilku, pUir rihE sRB TfeI] kbIr jI, p: 1349

pujfrIvfdI iswKL agU sLRyxI dI aMDivsLvfsI aqy aMnHI NsLrDf AupjfAU nIqI dy aDIn hI smuwcf iswKL jgq jfxy/axjfxy idn ivc hjLfrF vfrIN 16 nfvF vflLI ihMdU dyvI BgOqI nUM ismRdf aqy gurU gRMQ nUM inqfixaF df qfx, inEitaF dI Et, do jhfn df vflI, aMqRXfmI, afid kih ky jodVI krdf, pRsLfd df Bog lvfAuNdf aqy Aus qoN sLuwD bfxI pVHn aqy hor dfqF dI mMg krdf hY.

iswKL sMsfr BlI pRkfr jfxU hY ik ajoky iswK afgU iswKLI ivcfrDfrf aqy isDFqF qy aDfrq Dfrimk aqy smfijk agvfeI dyx qoN asmrwQ hI nhIN, sgoN pujfrIvfdI pdvIaF hwiQafAux leI aMDivsLvfs qy aMnHIN sLrDf AupjfAU ibpRnI nIqI duafrf iswKL kOm nUM BrmfAuNdy hn. hux sihjDfrI iswKF nUM sLromxI kmytI dI cox dIaF votF dy aiDkfr qoN vFiJaF krky iswKL jgq nUM aMimRqDfrI aqy sihjDfrI vrgF ivc vMzxF vI eysy nIqI df iswtf hY. ies nvyN GVy inXm anusfr jy sLRomxI kmytI nUM aMimRqDfrI iswK hI cux skdy hn qF sLRomxI akflI dl, jo ik sUbfeI isafsI pfrtI hY, df pRDfn afpxy isafsI asr-rsUK dufarf ikAuN sLRomxI kmytI dy pRDfn dI inXukqI aqy syvf-mukqI krdf hY?

ipCly kuC dhfikaF qoN, Kfs krky bfdl-tOhrf joVy dI agvfeI smyN, kiQq akfl qKq dy aKOqI jQydfr dI inXukqI aqy syvf-mukqI dy sbMD ivc vrqy hwQkMzy, aKOqI jQdfrF/isMG sfihbfnF, ijnHF ivruwD iBRsLtfcfr, vYr ivroD, pwKpfq, qfnfsLfhI, afid dUsLx lwgdy rihMdyy hn, vwloN Aultf pujfrIvfdI nIqIaF df ivroooooD krn vfly iswKLF ivruwD hukmnfmyN Cwzx aqy iswK ivdvfnF dI kuwt mfr qoN sFeIN buwly sLfh dIaF ienHF sqrF dI swcfeI iswD huMdI hY.

Drmsfl DVvfeI (DfVvI) vsdy, Tfkr dvfry Twg. ivc msIq kusIqy rihMdy, afsLk rihn alwg.44. keI hfjI bx bx afey jI, gl nIly jfmy pfey jI, hwj vyc tky lY Kfey jI, pr ey gwl kIhnUM Bfey jI.

iksy vI dys, kOm, Drm, smfj, sMsQf, jQybMdI, afid dI AuWnqI jF inGfr Aus dy muwK afgU jF afgU ZFcy aqy afm jMqf dI sUJ-bUJ qy inrBr huMdI hY. iswKLF df ajokf agvfeI ZFcf nf hoieaF qoN vI niKwD hY. sLRomxI gurdvfrf pRbMDk kmytI vloN inXuuuuukq aqy syvf-mukq kIqy kiQq akfl qKq dy muwK syvfdfr aqy gurDfmF dy gRMQI, jo ik afpxy afp nUM jQydfr aqyyyyy sfihb kihMdy khfAuNdy hn, pCmI dysF ivc AuWc-pujfrI jfxy jFdy hn. afpxy suafrQ iswDI leI ienHF ny iswKLI dy mIrI pIrI dyy isDFq nUM pujfrIvfdI bxf hY idwqf aqy pMjF ipafiraF dI prMprf df isafsIkrn kr idwqf hY. ig: sMq isMG mskIn aqy Aus dy chyqy ig: cyq isMG, ijnHF df ig: Bfg isMG nUM Cykx ivc BfrI Xogdfn sI, mskIn dI pusqk �dysL-ivdysL gurdvfiraF df pRbMDkI ZFcf aqyy pRcfrk sLRyxI� ivc ilKdy hn;

"pr pRbMDkI ZFcf rfjnIqk, suafrQI qy bfjLfrI hY. suafrQ qy rfjnIqI leI mYNbrF dI UKrIdo-ProKq vI cwldI hY. sMgqF rwbI rs ivc zuwb ky lIn hoxf cfhuMdIaF hn, pRbMDk iesy hI iekwT dy afsry rfjnIqk Kyqr ivc pRgt hoxf cfhuMdf hY; aor sPlqf imlI qF kihMdf hY ik sfzf Drm aqy rfjnIqk ZFcf iek hY, ies qoN kI murfd hY ies df boD iblkul nhIN hY". ig: sMq isMG mskIn, pnF 38

"hkIkq ieh hY ik gurdvfiraF ivc gurmiq dI gwl nhIN ho rhI, rfjnIqI cwl rhI hY". ig: cyq isMG, sfbkf hYz gRMQI, sRI drbfr sfihb, BiUmkf, pnF 6

spwsLt hY ik iswKL kOm nUM ajoky pujfrIvfdI jQydfrF aqy isMG sfihbfnF dy toly dI QF nvyN kyNdrI agvfeI ZFcy dI loV hY jo ik gurmiq aqy iswKLI isDFqF dy aDfr qy agvfeI pRdfn kr sky. ies pirvrqn dI pihl rojLivl, kYlIPornaF, amrIkf dy hrdyv isMG sLyrigwl aqy AuuuunHF dy sfQIaF vwloN sLurU ho cukI hY. pr ies krFqIkfrI pirvrqn leI smucI iswKL kOm leI pujfrIvfdI socxI, kQnI aqy krnI, jo ik iswKL pMQ nUM ibpRnI avqfrvfdI aqy imiQhfsvfdI ilKfrIaF aq pRcfrkF dI dyx hY, iqafg ky gurmiq anusfr apxfAuxI jLrUrI hY.

ijnF icr iswKL kOm nUM ieh boD nhIN ho jFdf ik alh, Bgvfn, akfl purK jF hrI df invfs kyvl kfhby, jgn nfQ purI, dvfrkf jF hirmMdr ivc nhIN hI hY aqy nf hI kyvl akfl qKq hI Aus df qKq hY, sgoN Auh qF srb ivapk hY aqy Ausdf invfs aqy qKq mnuwK dy ihrdy ivc hY, AunF icr suafrQI pujfrIvfdI kyNdRI iswKL agvfeI ZFcf iswKL jgq nUM aMnHIN sLrDf aqy aMDivsLvfs dy gorK DMDy vws krky afpxf AulU iswDf krdf rhygf.

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