isMG sBw lihr dy moFI, do mhwn ivdvwn]

jdoN iswKF dI abfdI 1881 dI mrdm sLumfrI vyly iewk kroV qoN Gt ky lwg Bwg 18 lwK rih geI qF aKbfrF ivwc ieh Cp igaf ik iswK kONm Kqm ho rhI hY, aqy afAuNdy 25 sflF qwk jd iksy ny iswK dy drsLn krny hoxgy, qF Aus nUM ajfieb Gr jfxf pvygf. eIsfeI mq dy prcfr df sdkf iswK, iswKI iqafg ky eIsfeI bxdy jf rhy sn. dyhDfrI gurU zMmIaF dy zyry vDdy jf rhy sn. bydI aqy soZI afpxy afp nUM gurU kI kuwl ivwcoN dws ky, afpxy afp nUM gurU khf ky lokF nUM luwt rhy sn. mhMq aqy pujfrI agryjLF df hwQ Tokf bxky gurduafiraF ivwc kukrm krdy sn, snfqnI mwq df pRcfr krdy sn aqy QF QF bwuq aqy mUrqIaF dI pUjf huMdI sI. pMizq sLrDf rfm iPlOrI vrgy sLryafm aMimRqsr ivwc af ky gurU aqy pMQ ivruwD GtIaf sLbdfblI vrqdy sn. aijhy smyN jdoN hr pfsy qoN iswKI qy hmly ho rhy sn aqy hnyrI Juwl rhI sI qF ieh do dUly sLyr mYdfn ivwc inwqry ijnHF ny hr pKMzI, krmkFzI, snfqnI, afrIaf smfjI, gurU zMmI, mhMq, pujfrI aqy soZI bydIaF nfl zt ky mwQf lfieaf aqy kOm nUM muV ky pYrF qy KVf kr idwqf. ienHF dy prcfr df sdkf lokF ivwc jfgrqI afAuxI sLurU ho geI aqy mhMqF, pujfrIaF aqy bydIaF nUM afpxf isMGfsx zoldf idisaf ijnHF ny bOKlfht ivwc af ky pRo: gurmuK isMG nUM akfl-qKq qoN hukmnfmf jfrI kr ky pMQ ivwcoN Cyk idwqf. ijs df igafnI idwq isMG jI ny zt ky ivroD kIqf, afpxIaF ilKqF rfhI lgfqfr pRo: gurmuK isMG dy hwk ivwc aqy hukm-nfmy dy ivroD ivwc ilKdy rhy, ijs df sMgqF qy kfPI pRBfv ipaf aqy ies hukm-nfmy nUM nkfr idwqf. koeI sO sfl bfd iswK lIzrF nUM smJ afeI ik ieh hukm-nfmf glq sI aqy 1995 dy ivsLv iswK sMmyln smyN ies nUM vfps ilaf igaf. iewk khfvq ieh afm msLhUr hY ik mrn qoN bfd bhu sMmqI iswKF dy isrF df muwl 100% pYNdf hY aqy aMgryjLF df 10% ikAuNik iswK sfrI Aumr ies nUM axlwg hI rwKdy hn aqy aMgryjL ies nUM 90% vrq lYNdy hn. ies khfvq nUM iswK bhuqI vfrI swc kr ivKfAuNdy hn.

hux dy hflfq vI iswKI leI koeI bhuqy cMgy nhIN. iswK lIzr iswKI df siqafnfs krn leI quly hoey hn. iewk inwkrDfrI (bfdl) df smuwcy pMjfb aqy sLRo: gu: pR: kmytI qy kbjf hY, ijhVf ik iswKI nUM ipwT dy ky mwQy qy iqlk lfAuNdf hY, pMzqF nUM swd ky mhUrq kZfAuNdf hY aqy hvn krvfAuNdf hY. tOhVy vrgy isafsI nfsqk ny Drm dI kursI qy bYT ky 25 sfl iswKI df Gfq kIqf, iewk Aujwz aqy ivsLvfsLGfqI BfeI rxjIq isMG vrgy nUM ijs ny ky iewk durfcfrI nUM mfiraf sI, (sLfied mukwdmy smy muwkrdf irhf sI) akfl qKLq qy ilaf ky ibTf idwqf, ijs ny ky ivdysLI iswKF nUM, Kfs krky bI[ sI[ knyzf ivwc lIro lIr kr idwqf aqy hryk gurduafry aqy Gr ivwc lVfeI KVI kr idwqI. Aus df lMgr vfry PLqvf gurmiq sI jF gurU dI inMidaf, ieh iewk vwKrf svfl hY ijs vfry iPr kdy ilKFgy. ies nUM qKLq qoN lfihaf qF ies vrgf iewk hor, BfeI pUrn isMG ibTfl idwqf, ijhVf ik iswKF nUM lAU kusLU dI Aulfd dwsdf sI aqy afr[ aYs[ aYs dIaF kfnPrMsF qy jFdf sI. sLo: kmytI df pRDfn hux iewk aYsf ivafkqI hY ijs nUM ik gurmiq nfloN gflHF kwZx dI muhfrq ijafdf hY. sLoR: kmytI dy 185 dy lwg Bwg mYNbrF nUM vI bhuqf iswKI nfl ipafr nhIN lwgdf, ijhVy ky pUrn isMG nUM dubfrf hirmMdr sfihb df hYWz gRMQI bxfAux vyly mujrU bx ky bYTy rhy aqy iksy ny vI ies df ivroD nf kIqf. ismrnjIq isMG mfn jdoN pihlI vfr rIkfrz qoV votF lY ik qrnqfrn qoN ijwiqaf sI qF Aus df afm ieh ibafn huMdf sI ik ijs ny myry nfl eykqf krnI hY, Aus nUM Dfrimk syD iewk zyry vfly sfD qoN lYxI pvygI, Bfv ik iewk dfVI vflf bRfhmx bxnf pvygf. aijhy bMdy qoN iswKI dI kI afs rwKI jf skdI hY, ijs nUM ky afp hI nhI pqf ik Dfrimk syD ikwQoN lYxI hY? sLrfb dIaF boqlF zkfr jfx vfly aqy injfiejL jLmInF qy kbjy krn vfly hux iswKF dy lIzr hn. krmkFzI, dMBI aqy pKMzI sfDF dIaF hyVHF qurIaF iPrdIaF hn. aijhy hflqF nUM dyK ky lgdf hY ik iswKI iPr inGfr vwl nUM jf rhI hY, hux iPr po: gurmuK isMG aqy igafnI idwq isMG vrgy sUrimaF dI loV hY. dyKIey ! do kroV dI abfdI ivwcoN ikhVf piVHaf iliKaf sUrmF inwqrdf hY!

mwKx isMG puryvfl.
jUn 03, 2001[
not: mYN DMnvfdI hF srdfr hrjIq isMG AuWBI (BOlf jI) df ijnHF ny ieh do PotoaF sfnUM eI myl rfhIN ByjIaF hn.